Study On The Impact Of Transportation Infrastructure On Urban Labor Productivity From The Perspective Of Population Agglomeration

The city is the carrier of social and economic development,and urban transportation is the basis and premise for ensuring urban development.With the improvement of urbanization level,how to develop the city and achieve the balance of urban transportation supply and demand structure is a common problem facing China’s urban development.Based on the current problems of unreasonable space development and the loss of urban economic efficiency caused by the mismatch of supply and demand structure in China,this paper conducts theoretical and empirical analysis on the impact of transportation infrastructure on urban labor productivity from the perspective of population agglomeration.This paper divides the impact mechanism of transportation infrastructure on urban labor productivity into total effect,agglomeration effect and spatial spillover effect,and reveals the influence path of transportation infrastructure on urban labor productivity.Based on theoretical research,this paper takes the statistical data of 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2016 as the research object.In addition,considering the regional differentiation characteristics of China’s economic development,the panel model is used to conduct national,sub-regional and sub-urban cities.The total effect of scale and the analysis of agglomeration effects,using the spatial panel model to estimate the spatial spillover effects of the country and sub-regions.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)At the national level,the total effect and agglomeration effect of road infrastructure on labor productivity are significantly positive,while the positive effect of public transportation input is realized through population agglomeration.(2)Due to regional development differences,the spatial spillover effect of national transportation infrastructure on the economic growth of geographically adjacent cities is not significant.(3)The agglomeration effect of the relatively developed eastern region is fully exerted.Increasing the supply of transportation infrastructure directly promotes the production efficiency of local and neighboring cities,but the competition effect caused by the excessively dense inter-city road network leads to the negative space spillover effect;In the high-speed development of the central region,the agglomeration effect and the spatial spillover effect have significantly promoted economic growth;with the support of the national strategy,the continuous improvement of the transportation infrastructure in the western region has effectively promoted the growth of local labor productivity,but due to population concentration.The degree is low,and the agglomeration effect has not yet formed.In addition,the local governments have their own political and protectionism,which has led to a significant negative effect on space spillovers.(4)Small cities have not achieved agglomeration effects due to lower population density;the agglomeration effect of medium-sized cities has played an important role in urban economic growth,while the lack of public transportation supply has resulted in agglomeration and non-economic generation,inhibiting economic growth;The agglomeration effect of the facilities is not significant.The over-exploitation of the government has led to the expansion of the urban spatial structure too fast,and the population density has not risen and fallen.In the oversized and mega-cities,the transportation infrastructure has effectively eliminated the agglomeration caused by excessive population concentration,and the supply of public transportation played a major role.