Effect Of Aerobic Exercise On Arterial Stiffness In Young Women

Background: Arterial stiffness is an indicator of the stiffness of blood vessel walls and is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease,with higher arterial stiffness increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.According to Lancet,primary prevention of cardiovascular disease should start at a young age,so young people should be concerned about the health of their arterial stiffness.However,the vascular health of young women has long been neglected due to the ’protective effect’ of oestrogen.There is a lack of systematic research on improving arterial stiffness in young women.Total cholesterol,blood glucose,blood pressure,BMI and exercise are common factors that influence arterial stiffness,but which factors are associated with arterial stiffness in young women has not been reported.Aerobic exercise has been shown to have a positive effect on improving arterial stiffness in older adults,but cardiovascular adaptations to exercise differ between older and younger women,and it is unclear whether aerobic exercise improves arterial stiffness in younger women.In addition,exercise intensity is a major factor in the effect of exercise,and Which exercise intensity is more effective in improving arterial stiffness in young women also needs to be further explored.Therefore,it is important to investigate the factors that influence arterial stiffness in young women and to explore the effects of different intensities of aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness in young women.Methods: In this study,volunteers were recruited from tertiary care hospitals and a total of 266 young women,aged between 18-25 years(23.12±1.13),were screened to have their arterial stiffness,lipids,blood glucose,blood pressure and BMI tested and to complete the IPAQ questionnaire.Graph Pad prism 9.0 software was used to correlate total cholesterol,LDL cholesterol,HDL cholesterol,very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglycerides,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,blood glucose,BMI,low intensity physical activity,moderate intensity physical activity,high intensity physical activity and arterial stiffness in young women to investigate the factors affecting arterial stiffness in young women.The study examined the factors that influence arterial stiffness in young women.Another 50 healthy young women were recruited from Changchun Normal University and randomly divided into: a control group(20.83 ± 2.2 years);a 60% HRmax aerobic exercise group(20.19 ± 2.12 years);and a 70% HRmax aerobic exercise group(19.76 ± 2.41 years).The two aerobic exercise groups were required to perform 40 minutes of acute aerobic exercise on a treadmill,consisting of 5 minutes of preparatory activity(50% HRmax),30 minutes of formal exercise(60% HRmax,70% HRmax)and 5 minutes of finishing activity(50%HRmax).Heart rate was monitored in real time during exercise using the Polar team and the treadmill speed was manually adjusted according to heart rate changes.Individual volunteers’ arterial stiffness(ba PWV)was measured before and after exercise,respectively.The control group did not exercise and only tested arterial stiffness at the same time points.All volunteers underwent exercise and arterial stiffness measurements during their luteal phase.The Graph Pad prism 9.0 software was used to perform paired t-tests on ba PWV before and after exercise in each group to observe the effect of different intensities of aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness in young women.Results: 1.Correlation analysis results:(1)total cholesterol and arterial stiffness in young women p=0.6045;(2)LDL cholesterol and arterial stiffness in young women p=0.9737;(3)HDL cholesterol and arterial stiffness in young women p=0.4594;(4)very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and arterial stiffness in young women p=0.4744;(5)systolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness in young women p=0.6699;(6)diastolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness in young women p=0.163;(7)blood glucose and arterial stiffness in young women p=0.9608;(8)BMI and arterial stiffness in young women p=0.8239;(9)low intensity physical activity and arterial stiffness in young women p=0.7694;(10)moderate intensity physical activity and young female arterial stiffness p=0.024;(11)high intensity physical activity and young female arterial stiffness p=0.6861.2.In the control group,ba PWV before exercise was966.7±24.18 cm/s and ba PWV after exercise was 952.6±30.99 cm/s,p>0.05;in the60% HRmax aerobic exercise group,ba PWV before exercise ba PWV was 998.4±30.52cm/s before and 920.8±28.67 cm/s after exercise,P<0.001;in the 70% HRmax aerobic exercise group,ba PWV was 979.5±27.72 cm/s before and 987.7±25.88 cm/s after exercise,P>0.05.Conclusions: Moderate intensity physical activity correlated with arterial stiffness in young women;aerobic exercise at 60% HRmax was effective in improving arterial stiffness in young women;exercise intensity at 70% HRmax had no effect on arterial stiffness in young women.