Research On The Impact Of Rural Social Insurance On The Employment Heterogeneity Of Rural Labor Forc

In the process of China’s modernization,rural labor transfer has made great contributions to the development of industrialization and urbanization,but now the problem of rural hollowing gradually emerged,the conversion of new and old kinetic energy of urban industry has also greatly increased the risk of friction and structural unemployment of rural transfer labor,and the rural employment situation is more severe.At the same time,there is a serious imbalance and inadequacy in the enjoyment of basic social insurance services among rural residents,which will further intensify the blind pursuit of wage income by the labor force to choose non-agricultural transfer,and aggravate the aging of the agricultural and rural labor force.In 2014 and 2016 respectively,the State Council proposed the establishment of a unified urban and rural pension and medical insurance service,which to a certain extent made up for the shortcomings of rural labor in the enjoyment of basic insurance services in the employment process,diversified the reference system in its employment decisionmaking process,and could comprehensively consider factors such as employment opportunities,income levels,living costs,and basic social rights and interests to make employment choices.So,can rural social insurance,with its increasing urban-rural integration,promote the return of rural labour to the agricultural sector and entrepreneurship? If so,by what mechanism? Based on the perspective of risk sharing,this paper uses the data of China Household Longitudinal Survey(CFPS)in 2020 to establish a Logit model to estimate the impact of rural social insurance on rural labor employment choice,and verifies the influence path by constructing X→Z and Z→Y regression models(X,Z,and Y represent explanatory variables,mechanism analysis variables,and explanatory variables,respectively).The main research results are as follows:(1)the structure of agricultural labor is unbalanced,and there is a large loss of young and middle-aged labor;(2)rural social insurance can promote the return of insured workers to the agricultural sector and increase their possibilities for entrepreneurship;(3)The impact of rural social insurance on the employment of rural labor force varies according to the characteristics of different groups;(4)Rural social insurance affects employment choices by improving risk tolerance.On this basis,the policy recommendations put forward are as follows:(1)Strengthen targeted publicity to increase the participation rate of young and middle-aged labor;(2)Create an employment-friendly social insurance system in accelerating the integration of urban and rural social insurance;(3)Rationally adjust the financing mode to promote the coordinated development of rural social insurance between regions;(4)Strengthen training and learning to improve the risk tolerance of rural labor.