A Study On The Influence Of New Rural Social Endowment Insurance On The Time Of Labor Participation Of Middle-aged And Old People In Rural Areas

With the deepening of the aging problem in China,the demand for old-age security of rural households is gradually increasing.At present,the new rural social endowment insurance introduced in 2009 has entered the stage of overall planning between urban and rural areas.To a certain extent,the new rural social endowment insurance can improve the living security level of the elderly in rural areas,and then affect their decision-making of labor supply.Academic circles have also carried out a lot of research on it,but the research conclusions are quite different,and from the perspective of labor burden analysis of the impact of the new rural insurance on rural labor supply is also in its initial stage.This paper first describes the previous related research and summarizes some limitations of the existing research.And reviewed the current situation of the new agricultural insurance and rural endowment,family pension in our country at present is still rural endowment patterns of the main security at present,and based on the land of agricultural labor is the main type of labor,rural labor force supply,including new farming maintain a series of existing rural security system have certain supplementary role.In combination with quasi-public goods theory and labor supply theory,this paper analyzes the mechanism of how the new rural insurance scheme affects the labor participation time of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas.Then,this paper selects CHARLS data in 2018 and carries out an empirical study using Tobit model.To a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the new type of rural social endowment insurance for the elderly in the rural labor supply,this paper will be divided into personal participation of the rural elderly labor supply time the total labor supply of labor,agricultural labor that is engaged in agricultural labor time,non-farm labor time,employed and selfemployed labor time,multiple regression model,The results show that participating in the new rural social endowment insurance will increase the total working time and agricultural working time of the elderly in rural areas,but reduce the non-agricultural labor supply time of the elderly in rural areas.The new rural social endowment insurance has a significant positive effect on self-employment and employment hours,but has no significant effect on the latter.The new rural social endowment insurance policy makes the insured group increase their investment in human capital under the condition of increased income,thus improving labor productivity and increasing the opportunity cost of leisure consumption,so their working hours will be prolonged.Middle-aged and elderly people who participate in the new rural social endowment insurance have more confidence in the security of old age life,and they will be more willing to choose agricultural labor,and reduce the participation time of non-agricultural labor,reduce the burden of non-agricultural labor.On the other hand,they will be willing to increase the freedom of self-employed labor,and the hours of employed labor is not significantly affected.According to the characteristics of education,marriage and family income,the heterogeneity analysis shows that different groups are affected differently by the new rural insurance system.In general,the new rural insurance scheme can reduce the non-agricultural labor burden of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas to a certain extent,but it has a positive impact on the total labor participation time,and it is difficult to effectively reduce the labor burden of rural residents.Based on the analysis and conclusion of the empirical part of the article,this paper puts forward several countermeasures and suggestions: first,continue to improve the level of pension security,reduce the labor burden for rural residents;Second,the policy should be moderately inclined to the vulnerable groups to strengthen the fairness of pension resource distribution.Third,give differentiated policy support by group;Fourthly,strengthen the supplementary and expanding role of social pension for rural families.