Research Of Ritual Education In Primary And Secondary Schools

With the in-depth development of China’s basic education reform,ritual has been gradually used in the school field because of its intuitive and vivid presentation form,and has become one of the important ways to implement quality education in schools.Many primary and secondary schools try to make use of the unique educational function of school rituals by penetrating educational content into the process of specific perceptible rituals.In order to understand the real effectiveness of "educating people through rituals" in primary and secondary schools,this study takes transition ritual process,interactive ritual chain and contextual education theory as the theoretical basis,focuses on the current situation of ritual education in primary and secondary schools,pays attention to the emotional experience of primary and secondary school students,and examines the real life pattern and growth state of primary and secondary school students from the ritual process.This study is mainly composed of four parts.The first part mainly clarifies the "what" of ritual education in primary and secondary schools.It traces the ideological origin of ritual education from ancient times to present and interprets the connotation of ritual education from it.By explaining the relationship between ritual education and students’ life growth,it highlights the particularity and importance of ritual education in primary and secondary schools.The second part focuses on the "how" of ritual education in primary and secondary schools.Through the research method of educational ethnography,we go deep into the field of ritual education and classify them into five types: political expression,identity transition,commemoration and celebration,competition and motivation,and daily teaching,based on the actual forms and outstanding features of rituals in primary and secondary schools,and conduct a targeted investigation and analysis on patriotic situations,identity roles,collective atmosphere,process forms,and behavioral norms.It attempts to present a realistic picture of ritual education in primary and secondary schools in a three-dimensional and vivid way with real cases of ritual activities.The third part takes the emotional experiences,real thoughts and interactive behaviors of primary and secondary school students in school rituals as the basis of reality,and concludes that the reality of ritual education in primary and secondary schools in China is generally "mixed".The "good" thing is that most of the rituals in primary and secondary schools can initially achieve the effect of "nurturing emotions through rituals" and give primary and secondary students a good emotional experience.The "worries" are: many schools are easily caught by the value orientation of educational utilitarianism and the loss and absence of the role of teachers,which makes ritual education fall into a variety of "alienation" tendencies.Its specific performance is as follows: the ritual setting is "luxurious and grand",the ritual process is "rigid and formal",the ritual performance is "superficial entertainment",the ritual language is "empty and repetitive",and the ritual action is "mandatory and disciplined",hindering the actual effect of "educating people with rites".The last part deeply explores the "how to do" of ritual education in primary and secondary schools.The tendency of "alienation" of rituals hidden in the school field can only be confronted but not avoided.Based on the consideration of the various elements of rituals,the five dimensions of ritual lessons,ritual process,daily rituals,ritual scenes,and ritual networks,we propose a reference path for the practice of optimizing ritual education in schools,and provide feasible and operational suggestions for ritual activities in primary and secondary schools.We hope that ritual education in primary and secondary schools can go beyond formalism and move from "disciplining people with rituals" to "educating people with rituals",so that ritual education can return to its origin of promoting the growth of individual lives.