Research On The Efficiency Of Scientific And Technological Innovation And Its Spillover Effect Evaluation In Chinese Universities

China is sparing no effort to promote the development of scientific and technological(S&T)innovation in universities from the national strategic level,in order to achieve the goal of strengthening the country with higher education and accelerate the transformation of the economic development mode.As the representative and main force in the field of S&T innovation in China,the scientific evaluation of the efficiency of S&T innovation of universities is related to the direction of the “double first-class”construction.Moreover,the unbalanced allocation of educational resources among universities in China,coupled with frequent interactions,has led to differences in the efficiency of S&T innovation among universities,and there may be spillovers,but they have not yet received attention.To this end,it is necessary to scientifically and reasonably evaluate the efficiency of S&T innovation in Chinese universities,and clarify the impact mechanism of the spillover of S&T innovation efficiency in universities,so as to promote the sustainable and high-quality development of S&T innovation in universities.On the basis of considering the actual situation of S&T innovation resource allocation in Chinese universities,this paper focuses on the three key issues of undesired output,dynamic mechanism and spillover effect,and systematically evaluates the S&T innovation efficiency of typical case universities,universities of different construction categories,and universities of different provinces.so as to reveal the characteristics,differences and spatial spillover effects of the S&T innovation efficiency of Chinese universities.Specifically,first of all,this paper focuses on the undesired output in the process of S&T innovation in universities;secondly,this paper discusses the characteristics and differences of S&T innovation efficiency in “double first-class” construction universities,as well as the dynamic mechanism for the growth of S&T innovation efficiency of “double first-class” construction universities in different regions;finally,based on provincial panel data,this paper analyzes the overall and two-stage efficiency and spillover effects of S&T innovation in Chinese universities.The main research results show that: First,during the sample period,ignoring undesired outputs will overestimate the efficiency of S&T innovation in universities.Second,during the sample period,the driving force for the growth of S&T innovation efficiency of universities in different regions is different.The driving force for the growth of S&T innovation efficiency of the “double first-class” construction universities in the eastern regions is technological progress,while the driving force for the“double first-class” construction universities in the central & western regions is the improvement of configuration efficiency.Third,during the sample period,the spatial spillover effect of the overall efficiency of S&T innovation and the efficiency of knowledge innovation among universities is weak,while the efficiency of achievement transformation has an obvious spatial spillover effect.At the same time,the improvement of industry-university cooperation has promoted the improvement of knowledge innovation efficiency in surrounding areas,but has not produced obvious spatial spillover effects on the local area and the efficiency of achievement transformation.