Research On The Evaluation And Influencing Factors Of Scientific And Technological Innovation Efficiency Of "Double First-Class" Universities In China

From the perspective of the development history of each country,the scale and speed of economic development are closely linked with the degree of innovation.Innovation plays an increasingly important role in national development and social progress,especially scientific and technological innovation.Only by driving development through scientific and technological innovation can a country stand a foothold in the world.As the main body of scientific and technological innovation,colleges and universities determine the overall cultural quality and connotation of the Chinese people,and their development quality has a significant impact on the economy,social politics and other aspects of the country."Double First-Class" universities are at the center of scientific and technological innovation in colleges and universities,providing strong support for China’s scientific and technological innovation strategy,and being the mainstay of national innovation.However,in the context of the connotative development of colleges and universities,the development state of scientific and technological innovation in colleges and universities is not balanced,so it is necessary to study the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in "double first-class" colleges and universities.In order to evaluate and analyze the influencing factors of the scientific and technological innovation efficiency of "double first-class" universities in China,this paper selects 41 "double first-class" universities in China as the research objects.Firstly,it analyzes the current situation and trend changes from the input and output dimensions respectively.Secondly,respectively with the method of factor analysis to linearization of input and output indicators,used to extract the common factor score based on DEA efficiency measurement-Malmquist index model,dynamic genesis analysis efficiency change,and then using nonparametric test to the university of science and technology innovation efficiency for layering and points of regional test,further analysis efficiency changes.Finally,DEA-Tobit model is used to analyze the influencing factors of S&T innovation efficiency in colleges and universities,and conclusions are drawn and corresponding suggestions are put forward.The conclusions are as follows :(1)The innovation efficiency of colleges and universities is affected by regions,and the output and input are not necessarily proportional;The efficiency of scientific and technological innovation of "Double First-class" colleges and universities is in a state of decline,and has not formed a stable growth.In recent years,the level of scientific and technological innovation and the adoption of new ideas in colleges and universities is not ideal.(2)There are obvious differences in talent mechanism innovation and management method reform among universities,and there are also some differences in scale investment,but not obvious;(3)The three levels of "double first-class" colleges and universities have significant differences except the efficiency of technological progress,and other efficiencies have significant decreasing trend except the efficiency of scale;(4)In addition to the efficiency of technological progress,there are significant regional and trend differences in the efficiencies of the eastern and western universities,showing a downward trend in the eastern and eastern regions.The improvement of the total factor productivity of the western universities is due to the improvement of the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency,while the decline of the eastern and central universities is caused by the too large decline of the pure technical efficiency;(5)The allocation of human resources in colleges and universities can promote the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation;Moderate government support has a positive effect on scientific and technological innovation activities,but it does not play an ideal role at present.Achievement recognition has a significant positive effect on the efficiency of S&T innovation in universities.To some extent,the economic environment has a positive effect on the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in universities,but it is difficult to play a role because of the unreasonable allocation of resources.The article puts forward the following suggestions :(1)Improve the allocation structure of science and technology funds and rationally allocate human resources.(2)Innovate the evaluation mechanism of scientific research talents,reform the management methods,and actively update technologies and ideas.(3)Strengthen regional cooperation among colleges and universities,make use of advantages and improve deficiencies.(4)The government should strengthen supervision,ensure the implementation of funds and policies,pay attention to industry-university-research cooperation,and improve the conversion rate of scientific and technological innovation achievements.