Research On The Structure Model And Evaluation System Of Special Physical Fitness Of National Outstanding Male Ski Jumping Athlete

In the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games China achieved full participation in the event,which is a major leap for ski jumping and laid a solid foundation for the development of the project,but currently there are characteristics of slow development,short time,low number of participants,low level of competition in the event,and relatively insufficient support for related technical research,scientific research and physical fitness,etc.This study conducts a special physical fitness structure characteristics model can well reflect the The current training direction of athletes as well as their physical fitness status,and also provide guidance for the selection of athletes in China.Constructing a model of the ideal value of special physical fitness structure can point out the guidance for the training of excellent athletes,check the gaps and fill in the gaps,and take a higher standard as the direction.The establishment of an evaluation system for China’s outstanding male ski jumpers can scientifically assess the level rating of athletes in different fitness aspects,thus providing a more objective and clear understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of individual ski jumpers in all aspects of special fitness.Research Methodology:In this paper,the structural model and evaluation system of the special physical fitness of national outstanding male ski jumpers was used as the research object,the top 8 athletes and 6 level 1 athletes of the 12 selection competitions of the national training team for male ski jumping were used as the test subjects,79 tertiary indicators of preliminary indicators were determined by reading literature and interviewing experts,semi-structured interviews with 14 experts and on-site for the first round of preliminary indicators In the second round,24 experts were asked to score and screen the indicators using questionnaires,and finally the final key indicators were screened using principal component analysis.A questionnaire was used to score the weight of the 10 experts,and the index weights were derived using hierarchical analysis.In addition,the general quantitative and ideal value models of the athletes’ special fitness structure model were established,and the percentile ranking method was used to determine the individual scores,so as to determine the weighted individual scores and comprehensive scores of each athlete,and the five-level evaluation method was applied to evaluate the fitness level of China’s outstanding male ski jumpers.The results of the study:(1)The three level 1 index weights of the special fitness structure of the national outstanding male ski jumpers,including physical form,physical function and athletic quality,accounted for 33.334%,32.529% and 34.137% of the weights respectively;a total of 10 level 3 indexes,with sitting height height index,shoulder width/chest and back and BMI accounting for 35%,35% and 30% respectively in physical form,and physical function The average anaerobic power of 6s lower limbs and modified BASS test,the weight of these two level 2 indicators are: 48.794% and 51.206% respectively;the percentage of simulated platform jump,simulated flight test,hexagonal barbell hard pull,seated forward bend and hexagonal jump in athletic quality are21.093%,20.596%,20.099%,19.603% and 18.609% respectively.(2)The National Outstanding Male Ski Jumpers Specialised Fitness Structure Model in terms of body shape: height sitting height index value of 53.70,chest back shoulder width index value of 47.40 and body mass index(BMI)of 18.51(KG/M~2).In terms of physical performance: the average anaerobic work for the 6s lower limbs was792.87 watts(W)and the modified BASS test was 3.40 points(P).In terms of athletic quality: 85.68cm(CM)for the simulated ski jump,92.20 points(P)for the simulated flight test,148.8kg(KG)for the hexagonal barbell hard pull,35.55cm(CM)for the seated forward bend and 9.21s(S)for the hexagonal jump.(3)The highest total score of 145 in the individual index score of outstanding male ski jumpers,the highest weighted score of 43.96 in the individual index score,and the highest overall score of 14.65 in the overall rating score.64.3% of the athletes in the overall fitness level evaluation result were in the intermediate stage,21% were in the upper intermediate stage,7% were in the upper stage and 7%were in the lower stage.The study concluded that:(1)Among the primary indicators of the special physical structure of the national outstanding male ski jumpers,the influence of the athletic quality on the physical structure is the greatest,which is greater than that of the physical form and physical function.Among the tertiary indicators of the physical form,the sitting height height index and the chest-back-shoulder width index account for the highest percentage,among the physical function,the modified BASS test accounts for the highest percentage,and among the athletic quality,the simulated platform jump and simulated flight test account for a higher percentage than other indicators.(2)The basic characteristics of the special physical structure model of the national outstanding male ski jumpers are not too tall,long torso,wide shoulders and thin chest and back,small weight,low fat content,strong ability to generate high power in a short period of time,strong balance,good proprioception,instantaneous explosive power of the lower limbs,strong trunk stability,good whole body maximum strength,good hip flexibility and flexibility,good coordination and agility.(3)This paper is a complete study of the evaluation system of special physical ability of national outstanding male ski jumpers,which mainly has the following contents: determining the object and target of evaluation,designing scoring criteria,single index scoring evaluation,comprehensive scoring evaluation and grade evaluation,in five parts.(4)Special physical fitness is one of the key factors that restrict athletes’ sports performance.Excellent physical form,function and sports quality can help athletes achieve better sports performance,but it can also be seen that athletes’ sports performance is not only restricted by special physical fitness,but also their sports performance related technical proficiency,psychological quality,team management and scientific and technological support are all key factors of sports performance Only by improving all aspects of the sport can athletes reach the world’s top level.