| The comprehensive development of national modernization must firmly put the development of real economy as the top priority,and focus on promoting the strong development of manufacturing industry.With the gradual disappearance of China’s demographic dividend,the low labor cost advantage of manufacturing industry will no longer exist,and "machine for human" has become an inevitable trend of the times and an effective means to enhance the competitiveness of China’s manufacturing industry.At present,the literature mainly focuses on the impact of robots on the whole labor market,but there is little literature on the comprehensive and systematic analysis from the perspective of migrant workers.Therefore,does the extensive increase in the level of robot applications in China promote or squeeze out the employment of migrant workers? What jobs have been created by robots and what jobs have been squeezed out by them? Can robots ultimately improve the quality of migrant workers’ employment? The study of these questions has important theoretical and practical significance.This thesis firstly compares the theories on "robot employment effect" at home and abroad,and proposes that robots may affect migrant workers’ employment through the substitution effect,productivity effect and employment expansion effect,and whether they eventually promote or crowd out migrant workers’ employment depends on the combined effects of the three effects;then based on the 2011-2018 China’s mobile population dynamics monitoring and matched data of industrial robot applications at the city level in China,the effect of robot applications on migrant workers’ employment is tested using a linear probability model,and the reliability of the benchmark results is ensured by endogeneity estimation and robustness testing;this thesis also discusses the heterogeneous effects of robot applications on migrant workers’ employment from the perspectives of gender,age,human capital,and mobility range;this thesis also Finally,based on the study of employment quantity,this thesis also extends the analysis of the impact of robot application on the employment structure and employment quality of migrant workers.The empirical study finds that: robot applications significantly increase the employment level of migrant workers,and this finding still holds after endogeneity estimation and a series of robustness tests;heterogeneity analysis finds that the employment boosting effect of robots is greater among female,older generation,lower education,and migrant workers who move across counties within the city;mechanism test results show that robot applications promote migrant workers’ employment by increasing productivity and expanding Further research on employment structure finds that robots create more wage employment as well as tertiary employment,but reduce entrepreneurial employment as well as secondary employment.A study of employment quality finds that robots promote higher income levels for migrant workers,but also reduce the occupational hierarchy of migrant workers.The research in this thesis has the following policy implications: given that robot applications can significantly increase the employment probability of migrant workers,the government should actively take policy measures to strengthen the application of robotics in the employment field;it is recommended that the government,while promoting the application of industrial robots,formulate corresponding employment policies for migrant workers of different ages,genders,and education levels to help migrant workers better adapt to the changes brought about by robot applications employment changes;it is recommended that the government,while promoting the application of robots,conduct an in-depth study of the changes in employment structure and employment quality triggered by the new technology,and promptly adjust employment policies to create more high-quality employment opportunities and ensure workers’ job income and career development space. |
