Research On Cultivating Key Physics Abilities Of High School Students Based On Original Physics Problem

In 2017,the Ministry of Education explicitly stated in the “Physics Curriculum Standards for Senior High School” that subject core literacy is the embodiment of correct values,essential character traits,and key competences that students must possess.Therefore,cultivating students’ key competences in senior high school physics teaching has become an inevitable requirement.Original physics problems have shown great advantages in cultivating students’ key competences in physics.Therefore,this article takes the use of original physics problems to cultivate senior high school students’ key physics competences as the research topic,aiming to explore the effectiveness of this method in cultivating students’ key competences.Firstly,by carefully reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literature,the current research status in this field is obtained.The concept of original physics problems and physics key competences is explained.The theoretical value of original physics problems is discussed from three perspectives: educational ecology theory,selforganization representation theory,and pragmatic education theory.Secondly,the seven levels of representation in the process of solving original physics problems are analyzed,and the three dimensions of physics key competences,namely learning and understanding ability,application and practice ability,and transfer and innovation ability,are discussed.The feasibility of cultivating senior high school students’ physics key competences through solving original physics problems is theoretically demonstrated.Finally,the collection and compilation methods of the original physics problems were clarified.Teaching designs based on the original physics problems were developed,using the two sections of “Energy Conversion in Circuits” and “Transformers” from the senior high school physics textbook published by People’s Education Press as examples.The teaching design of “Energy Conversion in Circuits” was applied in an experimental class for the teaching practice.Before and after the practice,questionnaires were used to test the students in the experimental class and the control class.By analyzing the test data of the two classes,the effectiveness of cultivating key physics competences of senior high school students through solving original physics problems was evaluated.The research shows that solving original physics problems can promote senior high school students’ understanding,application,and transfer of innovative abilities,indicating the feasibility of cultivating senior high school students’ key physics competences through solving original physics problems.This thesis has certain practical reference value for the relevant research on cultivating students’ key competences in physics.