Research Of Physics Examination In College Entrance From The Perspective Of "Four Layers"

In 2014,The State Council issued "implementation opinions on deepening examination and enrollment system reform",marking the new round of curriculum reform officially began.Each region of our present stage are carrying on education reform and the content of high examination question also changes.In 2019,based on the education goal of all-round development,the Ministry of Education established China College Entrance Examination Evaluation System,which is the basic project,theoretical support and practical guide for deepening the reform of college entrance examination content in the new era.The evaluation system of college entrance examination condenses the quality-oriented education objectives to be examined into the "four-layer" examination contents of "core value,discipline accomplishment,key ability and essential knowledge".The study of high school physics begins with mechanics,which is the basis of electromagnetism,optics,heat and atomic physics.At present,our country is in the transition period of educational reform.If we want to know the characteristics of the current test content of the new college entrance examination physical mechanics,we must combine the "four layers" of the college entrance examination evaluation system to build a framework for analyzing physical test questions.This article analyzes statistical analysis of the test questions of the national volume of the college entrance examination in our country in the past three years,and summarizes the characteristics of the contents of the college entrance examination physical mechanics.This study adopts literature research method,comparative research method and statistical analysis method to construct a framework for analyzing test questions by combing existing literature and using the "General High School Physics Curriculum Standards(2017 Edition Revised 2020)" and the "Four Layers" of the Chinese College Entrance Examination Evaluation System as the theoretical basis and this is also used to analyze the questions in the mechanics section of the 2020-2022 GCE Physics National Paper.The study found that the test questions were designed to implement the examination of core values through test situations,and the test situations were mostly designed to combine with productive life,sportsmanship,good Chinese traditional culture,and scientific attitudes and responsibilities;The most important aspects of the test are the mastery of learning and thinking methods,including the concept of motion and interaction and the concept of energy in learning mastery,scientific reasoning and model construction in thinking methods,and the examination of evidence in practical exploration;The test questions are all related to the examination of key abilities,mainly including ability of comprehension,reasoning and argument,model construction,and less frequently for experimental investigation,but each set of papers will test,and the test questions are the least for innovation;The test questions for essential knowledge are aligned with the course content in the curriculum.Combining the theories in the college entrance examination evaluation system with the above conclusions,the following two propositions are proposed for the college entrance examination paper:(1)strengthen the creation of test situations to cultivate the core values of physics;(2)strengthen the innovative examination of test questions to cultivate students’ key abilities.The following teaching suggestions are made to front-line teachers:(1)study educational documents carefully to accurately grasp the direction of the reform;(2)strengthen contextualized teaching to cultivate students’ core values;(3)strengthen the cultivation of students’ mathematical abilities;(4)focus on basic knowledge and the cultivation of key abilities;(5)deepen the implementation of the cultivation of physics literacy;(6)focus on the "four layers" of coherence,to promote the overall development of students.