Multiple Mediating Effects Of School Bullying And Non-suicidal Self-injury In A County Of Jiangxi Province

Purpose:To understand the characteristics of middle school students’ being bullied and nonsuicidal self-injury,and to explore the possible multiple mediating effects of emotion regulation strategies,social exclusion and help willingness in the association between being bullied and non-suicidal self-injury,to provide evidence for the prevention and control of middle school students’ campus injuries.Methods:Middle school students in Chongren County of Jiangxi Province were studied.The self-made general questionnaire,Chinese version of Olweus Bullying questionnaire,Ottawa Self-injury Scale,emotional regulation scale,Chinese version of Adolescent Social Exclusion Scale and help-seeking Willingness Scale were used to investigate2,040 students in this school.SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS 4.1 were used for general data analysis and multiple mediation effects test.Results:(1)Among 2,040 middle school students in this survey,the total reported rate of being bullied in the past year was 18.68%.The report rate of boys was higher than that of girls(P<0.001),and that of middle school students was higher than that of high school students(P<0.001).The report rate of students who were often scolded and scolded by their parents was higher(P<0.001).There were statistically significant differences in the report rate of being bullied in academic performance(P<0.001),learning burden(P<0.001),and parental relationship with "mother"(P=0.028).(2)The total detection rate of non-suicidal self-injury in the past year was 29.75%.Girls(32.01%)were higher than boys(27.70%)(P=0.032).The detection rate of nonsuicidal self-injury of middle school students was statistically significant in different grades(P=0.003),whether they were class cadres(P=0.005),where the family registered(P=0.032),the education level of the mother(P=0.035),whether they were often reprimanded by elders(P<0.001),whether they were often physically punished by elders(P=0.029),the study burden(P<0.001),and the academic performance(P<0.001).(3)Being bullied was positively correlated with non-suicidal self-injury.Being bullied was positively correlated with expression suppression and negatively correlated with cognitive reappraisal.Being bullied is positively correlated with social exclusion.Being bullied was negatively correlated with the help-seeking intention.(4)Non-suicidal self-injury was positively correlated with expression suppression,but negatively correlated with cognitive reappraisal.Non-suicidal self-injury is positively correlated with social exclusion.Non-suicidal self-injury was negatively correlated with the help-seeking intention.(5)Expression suppression,social exclusion and help-seeking intention had a chain mediation effect on the influence of being bullied on non-suicidal self-injury,accounting for 0.0318% of the total effect.Cognitive reappraisal,social exclusion and help-seeking intention had a chain mediation effect on the influence of being bullied on non-suicidal self-injury,accounting for 0.0184% of the total effect.(6)Among the multiple mediating effects between being bullied and non-suicidal self-injury,the single mediating effect of social exclusion accounted for the largest proportion in each path.In the model of being bullied → expression suppression →social exclusion → help-seeking intention →non-suicidal self-injury,the proportion of the total effect was 6.1581%;In the model of being bullied → cognitive reappraisal →social exclusion → help-seeking intention →non-suicidal self-injury,the proportion of the total effect was 7.1911%.Conclusion:(1)Being bullied and non-suicidal self-injury of middle school students have different demographic characteristics.(2)Being bullied,non-suicidal self-injury,emotional regulation strategies,social exclusion and hell-seeking intention of middle school students were significantly correlated.(3)Emotional regulation strategies,social exclusion,and help willingness of middle school students have chain mediating effects on the association between being bullied and non-suicidal self-injury.Social exclusion had the largest mediating effect in the association between being bullied and non-suicidal self-injury.