Effects Of Perceptive Social Support,Self-Compassion,and Empathy On Bystander Protection Of School Bullying Among Middle School Students

The psychological,educational and social problems caused by school bullying have seriously plagued adolescents’ families,schools and society.When bullying occurs,bystanders’ protective behavior of the bullied person can effectively prevent bullying from occurring.Whether the bystander will have protective behavior is the result of the interaction between the individual’s internal psychological factors and the external environment such as school,family,and society.Based on this,this study explored the relationship between perceived social support and bystander protective behavior,and the role of self-compassion and empathy as a chain mediator,in order to increase the protective behavior of bystanders,group counseling was used to intervene the self-compassion of middle school students.This thesis consists of two parts: Study I and Study II.Study 1: Using the questionnaire survey method to study the relationship between students’ understanding of social support,self-compassion,empathy and bystander protection behavior,and the questionnaires of middle school students in some schools in Fujian Province and Hebei Province were tested,the following results were finally obtained:(1)Middle school students’ comprehension of social support,self-compassion,empathy and bystander protection behaviors were generally at the upper middle level.(2)The four variables of comprehension of social support,self-compassion,empathy,and bystander protection behavior in school bullying were not significantly different in the place of origin and whether they were only children;The three variables of comprehension social support,self-compassion,and bystander protective behavior in school bullying did not have significant differences in gender,and The variable of empathy differs significantly in gender;There were no significant differences in bystander protection behaviors in self-compassion,empathy,and school bullying,and significant differences in grade level in comprehension social support.(3)There was a significant positive correlation between middle school students’ comprehension of social support,self-compassion,empathy and bystander protection.(4)Middle school students’ self-compassion and empathy play a chain mediating role between comprehension of social support and bystander protection.Based on the relationship and current situation of these four,a set of group counseling activities for self-compassion was designed in Study 2.A total of 30 students in the first year of high school in Longyan City,Fujian Province were selected as participants,including 15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group.The intervention used a comparative study of pretest and post-test,and the students in the experimental group were supplemented with self-compassion as the course content to test the effect of the intervention.The results showed that the post-test scores of self-compassion level and bystander protective behavior were significantly higher than those in the control group,while the changes in self-compassion level and bystander protective behavior scores in the control group were not significant.Conclusions:(1)The current situation of comprehension of social support,self-compassion,empathy and bystander protection behavior of middle school students is generally good,and there are significant differences between comprehension of social support and empathy in some demographic dimensions(gender,grade);(2)There was a significant correlation between middle school students’ comprehension of social support,self-compassion,empathy and bystander protection behavior,among which self-compassion and empathy played a chain mediating role between comprehension of social support and bystander protection behavior;(3)Group psychological counseling can improve the level of self-compassion,which in turn improves the protective behavior of bystanders.