A Survey Of Integer Arithmetic Ability Of Fourth-grade Students Under The Guidance Of Core Literacy

The arithmetic ability under key competence has the educational value of promoting students’ overall cognition,meaning construction and helping students to think about the real world with mathematical thinking.Operation has always been the most important part of mathematics teaching,integer operation occupies the basic position.Although the mathematical ability of primary school students is highly valued,it is not satisfactory,and the rural school problems are more prominent.The new requirements of the new curriculum standard and the background of balanced development of urban and rural education contribute to this research.Referring to relevant theories,this studies define the four dimensions of arithmetic ability performance under the guidance of core literacy,namely,the understanding of arithmetic meaning,arithmetic understanding,algorithn mastery and the application of arithmetic strategy,and builds the test framework of arithmetic ability for primary school students.First,after two rounds of expert consultation,the Delphi method was used to determine the test questions.Secondly,after predicting and modifying some questions,I measured 646 fourth-grade students in urban and rural areas of Q County,and analyzed their scores,grades,gender differences,urban and rural differences and typical errors.Finally,assisted by student questionnaires and interviews with teachers and students to explore the existing problems behind the current situation,and put forward some targeted teaching strategies.The survey results show that:(1)There is a high positive correlation between the mastery of algorithm,the understanding of computational theory and the mastery of operational strategy and the operational ability,while there is a moderate positive correlation between the understanding of operational meaning and the operational ability.(2)the integer arithmetic ability of the fourth grade students in Q County is at the average level.There is no significant difference between male and female students in arithmetic ability,but the scores of female students are more stable than that of male students.There is a significant difference between urban and rural school students’ computing ability,and urban students are obviously better than rural students.(3)In terms of each dimension,the fourth grade students showed the worst performance in the dimension of computational theory understanding,followed by the dimension of operational strategy,with better understanding of operational meaning and mastery of operational algorithms;There are significant differences between urban and rural students in all dimensions,and male and female students only have differences in the dimension of "operation strategy".Specifically,girls’ ability of "self-examination and evaluation" is slightly better than boys’,and girls’ accuracy of problem-solving is better than boys’,but boys are more inclined to simplify operation process and optimize operation method than girls.(4)The integer calculation errors of the fourth grade students are mainly presented as conceptual errors,procedural errors and coordination errors.Conceptual errors are as follows:reverse operation order,confuse operation,fuzzy quotient position and operation law use error;Procedural errors mainly include:integer addition and subtraction error,multiplication counterpoint error,quotient error;Coordination errors mainly include:copying errors and omission errors.Based on tests,student questionnaires,and interviews with teachers and students,and combined with teaching findings,factors that affect fourth graders’ integer arithmetic ability include:teachers lack an overall grasp of arithmetic teaching content and a deep understanding of the nature of arithmetic,and students lack a deep understanding of arithmetic theory and the ability to flexibly calculate.Therefore,the following suggestions are put forward:clear operation reform to help teachers establish the awareness of core literacy generation;Understanding units of count helps students feel the consistency of operations;Communicate computational algorithms to help students realize the transformation from"unknown to known";Focus on operational strategies to help students develop mathematical thinking.Rural schools should be more targeted,effectively improve the integer arithmetic ability of pupils.