Research On Situational Chemistry Test Questions And Teaching Strategies From The Perspective Of New National College Entrance Examination

The Examination Center of the Ministry of Education of the P.R.C has put forward the new requirements of " do not teach without a situation,do not propose without a situation " on the daily schooling and college entrance examination.At present,the reform of college entrance examination(Gaokao)in our country explores the construction of the "one core,four layers and four wings" exam evaluation system.And it gives answers to the key questions of "why do we take the Gaokao exam? ","what do we take the Gaokao exam " and "how do we take the Gaokao exam " etc.from the top-level design.Actually,Gaokao exam is oriented by the value of improving core literacy and taken the question situation as the test carrier so that the "four wings" test requirements and the "four layers" test content are organically integrated to reach the final target of assessing the candidates’ scientific literacy.Hence,in recent years,the proportion of situational questions in the Chemistry subject of Gaokao exam has gradually increased,which not only increases the creation and presentation of situational carriers of questions and makes the situational questions more universal and diversified but also enhances the openness and exploration of questions.The exam questions’ situations are various with rich background information,covering topics in science and technology,scientific literature,and real cases in our society,including chemistry and life,environmental protection,frontier science and technology development,industrial production,resource utilization,experimental chemistry,health and medicine,chemistry history,energy development,and traditional culture,etc.All of the mentioned topics aim to skillfully integrate knowledge content with theoretical methods and exam question situations to achieve an in-depth examination of problem-solving ability,information acquisition,and scientific inquiry.At the same time,the rich coverage of Gaokao Chemistry’s exam topic situations also reflects the application value of chemistry itself.Therefore,the chemistry curriculum standard is measured with more and more attention to the cultivation of students’ problem-solving abilities in real situations.However,the current situation of chemistry teaching is affected by tough examination arrangements and teaching progress,which leads to few opportunities for students to solve problems in real situations.When situational questions appear in the examination,students have no way to start and feel with panic.By analyzing the situational questions in the national chemistry papers in the past five years,this study uses methods of literature collation,questionnaire survey,interview and statistical analysis to classify different exam topic situations and tells students which aspects of the actual situation they should pay attention to.Then the study dissects the problems of students that they had difficulty to solve from the structure of the test questions(that is,the situation and conditions of the composition of the test questions and question types),which could give some suggestions to the front-line teachers so as to help students to better solve different types of chemical situational exam questions.The results of the study showed that students understanding of the situation and conditions for extracting key information are more complicated for the increasing integration of question situation and conditions.Students tend to be disturbed by some irrelevant information,leading to fail in extracting useful information from the situation,fail in understanding the questions in a right way,eventually fail in answering questions correctly.Analyzing from the test-question setting perspective,the high-frequency test questions are often given with clear description.It aligns with the students’ daily training mode.Thus,there is no big problem in test-question setting.At last,this study gives some suggestions to teachers from classroom teaching,general proposition,homework assignment and review.It also gives some suggestions to students,including the situation that should be paid attention to,and the learning and practice methods and so on.This study is divided into 5 chapters.Chapter 1 is introduction,including the research background,research status(domestic and foreign research status),research purpose,significance and methods.Chapter 2 is the theoretical basis of the research,including the definition of relevant concepts of situational test questions,relevant theoretical basis and research model.Chapter 3 is the analysis of the chemical situational questions from the perspective of the new college entrance examination.It analyzes the number and trend of situational questions,situational types and structural types of questions in the national college entrance examination in the past five years.Chapter 4 is the test and analysis.The test questions in recent five years of Gaokao paper are selected from different levels of situations to compose new questions,which are then finished by students.By way of analyzing students’ questions answers and interviews,it tries to identify students’ obstacles in answering these questions.Chapter 5 is the conclusion and suggestion.I hope it could put forward some suggestions on teachers’ daily teaching and proposition,so as to guide students’ study.