Study On The Relationship Between Fundamental Movement Skill,cardiorespiratory Fitness And Physical Activity In Shanghai Primary School Students

Purposes: Insufficient physical activity is an important factor affecting the healthy development of children and adolescents.Physical activity levels of children and adolescents are closely related to fundamental movement skill and cardiorespiratory fitness levels.However,the relationship between fundamental movement skill,cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity of primary school students needs to be further explored.Based on this,this study will analyze the level and correlation of fundamental movement skill,cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity of primary school students,and verify the mediating effect of cardiorespiratory fitness between fundamental movement skill and physical activity of primary school students,and then provide a basis for the relationship between physical activity and physical health of primary school students.Provide reference for improvement.Methods: The subjects of the survey were 311 students in grades 3-5 from 4primary schools in Shanghai.The research methods are mainly testing method and mathematical statistics method.(1)The test method adopts Gross Motor Movement Development Evaluation Version 3(TGMD-3),20-meter round-trip running(20m SRT),and three-axis accelerometer(Acti Graph GT3X+),respectively,to conduct cross-sections on fundamental movement skill,Cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity.(2)Mathematical statistics method was used for data analysis using SPSS.Descriptive statistics are used to present demographic information,students’ levels of fundamental movement skill,Cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity;independent samples T-test and analysis of variance are used to present differences in gender and grade in the three variables;Pearson correlation is used to analyze total The correlation between the three variables of sample,different gender and students of different grades;the mediating effect of the total sample,different gender students’ Cardiorespiratory fitness between fundamental movement skill and moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity was verified by the Process mediation model 4.Results:(1)On the three variable levels,the total sample fundamental movement skill(72.52±7.60 points),cardiorespiratory fitness(20.92±8.16 times),and moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity(34.54±13.02min)were close to the national average for primary school students.Only 5.1% of the students met the recommended amount of 60 minutes of moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity per day;Boys’ fundamental movement skill(73.70±8.01 points),cardiorespiratory fitness(21.64±8.74 times),and moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity(37.93±13.47 min)were higher than girls’ fundamental movement skill(71.30±6.97points),cardiorespiratory fitness(20.18±7.47)times)and moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity(31.03±11.58 min),there were significant differences in fundamental movement skill and physical activity among students of different genders(p<0.01),but no significant differences in cardiorespiratory fitness levels(p>0.05);There were significant differences in variable levels(p < 0.05).The fundamental movement skill and cardiorespiratory fitness levels of the senior students were higher than those of the lower grades,but their physical activity levels were lower than those of the lower grades.The fundamental movement skill and cardiorespiratory fitness levels of the senior students were higher than those of the lower grades,But the physical activity levels of the upperclassmen were lower than those of the lower classmen.(2)In terms of three-variable correlations,medium and high-intensity physical activities were positively correlated with object control skills and displacement skills in males and females(r=0.189～0.197,p<0.05),and the correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and displacement skills in males and females Both were stronger than object control skills(p < 0.01),and high-intensity physical activity in boys and girls was positively correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness(r=0.233～0.243,p < 0.05);middle-to-high intensity physical activity in junior and senior students was associated with displacement,respectively Skills and object control skills were positively correlated(p<0.01),and the correlations between high-intensity physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness,fundamental movement skill and cardiorespiratory fitness were stronger than those in lower grades(p<0.01).(3)In terms of the mediating effect,the mediating effect size of cardiorespiratory fitness between the total score of fundamental movement skill and moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity in the total sample was 40.7%～44.3%;for boys,cardiorespiratory fitness was between object control skills and moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity.The mediating effect size was 19.9%～20.7%;there was a complete mediating effect between girls’ cardiorespiratory fitness between displacement skills and moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity.Conclusions:(1)Students in grades 3-5 had lower rates and levels of physical activity attainment,and the levels showed that girls were lower than boys and upper grades were lower than lower grades,and girls and upper grades were the groups whose physical activity levels needed to be improved.(2)Students’ fundamental movement skill,cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity were significantly correlated.Among them,physical activity level was positively correlated with object control skills for boys and higher grades,and physical activity level was positively correlated with displacement skills for girls and lower grades.Enhancing the physical activity of elementary school students of different genders and grades requires attention to their motor skill interest differences.(3)Cardiorespiratory fitness mediates the relationship between basic motor skills and moderate-to-high intensity physical activity for both boys and girls.The development of cardiorespiratory fitness in elementary school students can continuously strengthen the mutual promotion effect of their fundamental movement skill and moderate-to-high intensity physical activities,which in turn forms a positive circular effect of improving students’ physical health.