Research On The Causes Of Senior High School Debt From The Perspective Of Fiscal Decentralization

Since the great development of education at the end of last century,China has proposed the construction of demonstration high schools in batches,formulated the enrollment rate target of high school and other relevant policies,which has greatly promoted the growth of the number of enrollment and the scale of students in ordinary high schools.The scale of high school students continues to expand,which requires that the software and hardware and other supporting facilities(campus floor area,building scale and teaching staff)of high school should also be improved to meet the needs of such large-scale students after enrollment expansion.Therefore,it can be seen that many high schools have begun vigorous campus reconstruction and expansion and new campus construction.As a non-profit public sector high school,the demand for financial funds is undoubtedly huge.After visiting,investigating and sorting out relevant educational financial statistics,it is found that high school financing channels are limited and can not meet such large-scale activities.In addition,as the main body of high school investment,local governments are more willing to invest in other fields,in the limited field of education,and also more willing to invest in the stage of compulsory education.Ordinary high schools can only supplement funds with the help of bank loans and project loans.The phenomenon of running high school in debt has emerged one after another.Under the constraints of limited funds,senior high schools still have the incentive to over borrow for construction.Therefore,it is necessary to solve the debt problem of senior high school from the root,that is,to analyze the two factors of debt causes,why the financial education funds of senior high school are insufficient and why there is still a driving force for excessive debt construction under the restriction of limited funds.Combined with field interviews with senior high school leaders from two different provinces about the development and debt of senior high schools they manage,supplemented by consulting the relevant statistical data of the high-speed expansion stage of senior high schools and the situation of senior high school education funds,this paper makes a theoretical analysis on the debt situation and causes of senior high schools in China,and establishes a dynamic game model.It can be seen that the cause of high school debt is the contradiction between the reform of China’s educational financial system and the process of fiscal decentralization.Therefore,from the perspective of fiscal decentralization,this paper starts from both ends of the causes of debt(income and expenditure).On the one hand,the lack of financial education funds in ordinary high schools is due to the unequal educational power and financial power after fiscal decentralization,and the promotion Championship phenomenon affects the enthusiasm of local government investment in education.On the other hand,when the investment in education is insufficient,high schools still have the power to break through the "soft budget" in the decentralization system,It is the result of the dynamic game between high school and other social organizations.Through the above analysis,we can also get two suggestions to solve the debt: first,legalize the principle of investment sharing in education,strengthen education as an indicator for assessing local governments,improve the amount of high school funds and stabilize the source of high school funds;The second is to restrict the borrowing behavior of senior high school,so as to relieve the policy burden and harden the budget of senior high school,so as to reduce the impulse of borrowing.