Research On The Current Situation And Optimization Strategies Of 1+X Certificate System In Secondary Vocational Schools

Since the current vocational education model cannot meet China’s current demand for complex technical skills talents,in 2019,the State Council released the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan",which proposed for the first time to launch a pilot "academic certificate+several vocational skills level certificates"system(i.e.l+X Certificate System)in vocational colleges and applied undergraduate universities.The system was then launched in full swing in China.As an important institutional innovation in China’s vocational education reform,the 1+X certificate system is bound to encounter resistance to implementation during the pilot work in phases.Especially in secondary vocational schools,which are weak in terms of teacher’s strength,supporting facilities and system construction,and there are few studies related to it.The current situation of the implementation of 1+X certificate system in secondary schools,the problems they face and the strategies they should adopt are realistic problems that need to be solved,which are related to the effective implementation and comprehensive promotion of the 1+X certificate system.Therefore,this study takes Y secondary vocational school in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as the research object Through combing the relevant literature at home and abroad,Smith’s Policy Implementation Theoretical model and Theory of Planned Behavior were selected as the theoretical guidance to the study,and a questionnaire and an interview outline were prepared in the light of the actual situation of this study.The questionnaires distributed to 35 teachers and 392 students in Y School,as well as the interviews conducted with 6 teachers and 4 educational administrators.It was found that there were different problems at the institutional level,the training and evaluation organization level,the teacher level and the student level,which seriously affected the effectiveness of the implementation of the 1+X certificate system in Y School and the efficiency of its implementation.The study further finds that the causes of the problems in the implementation of the 1+X certificate system in Y school can be categorized into four factors:factors of policy,factors of implementation subject,factors of the target group and factors of the environment.The strategies from four aspect to improve the implementation of the 1+X certificate system in Y schools:government,institutions,teachers and students.The strategies including strengthening policy leadership and supervision,improving the overall plan of system implementation,enriching faculty strength and structure of teachers,strengthening students’ policy participation.