Research On Primary School Science Textbooks And Their Use

Science curriculum is a comprehensive basic curriculum that reflects the nature of science.In modern basic education teaching,the status of primary school science curriculum has been significantly promoted,focusing on cultivating students’ scientific literacy to meet the needs of their own future development and social development.Teaching material is an important carrier to implement science curriculum.On the one hand,it provides teaching materials and teaching ideas for teachers,and on the other hand,it provides resources for students to study independently.This paper studies the text and use of multiple versions of primary school science textbooks in China,analyzes the characteristics,advantages and improvements of each version of textbooks,and combines with the interview opinions of front-line teachers in order to provide suggestions for the compilation of textbooks and the scientific use of textbooks by front-line teachers.Using the methods of literature analysis,content analysis,comparative analysis and case interview,this paper takes the field of "Earth and space science" as an example to carry out a comparative study on the textbooks of Suzhou Education Edition,Education Science Edition,Daxiang Edition and Guangdong Education edition.It mainly analyzes the structure of teaching materials,the selection of teaching materials,the organization of teaching materials,the presentation of teaching materials and the design of learning activities.Through comparative study,it is found that in terms of the structure of the textbooks,the structure of the four editions is consistent and advanced.As for the units in the field of "Earth and cosmic science",each version accounts for about 22%～25%,which meets the requirements of the curriculum standards.The Daxiang Edition has designed the content in the field of "Earth and cosmic science" in every grade,and the units are distributed most evenly.The organization of the text structure of each edition takes exploration activities as the main line,highlights the main body of students,and designs a variety of columns to organize teaching.The columns of the teaching science edition and the Su edition focus on consistency,the Daxiang edition has the most diverse column design,and the Guangdong Education edition attaches importance to the design of driving teaching tasks.In terms of the selection of textbook content,the lower grades mainly focus on "children’s experience",the middle and upper grades mainly focus on"subject knowledge",and the lower Cantonese textbooks and the middle school textbooks are arranged into picture books,and the content of "children’s experience" accounts for a relatively large proportion.The breadth of knowledge involved in the Su and Daxiang editions is slightly higher than that of the Education and Guangdong editions,while the depth of the education and Daxiang editions is higher.More than 70%of knowledge points in Daxiang Edition,Su Education Edition and Jiao Science edition adopt spiral arrangement,but only 40%adopt spiral arrangement in Guangdong education edition,which is not closely related to knowledge before and after.The four editions all reflect the concept of interdisciplinary teaching in the new curriculum standard,but the Cantonese edition contains the most diverse art forms.In terms of the presentation of the textbook content,the language of each edition is cordial and natural.The concept presentation of the Su Education edition and the Da Xiang edition is relatively diverse,and the Teaching Science edition and the Cantonese education edition are mainly "non-presentation".Many versions are mainly "physical photos","cartoon cartoon" as a supplement,the Suzhou education edition illustrations used the most,the teaching edition of the illustration layout is slightly messy,elephant edition "cartoon cartoon" accounts for the largest proportion.The design of a large number of tables in the teaching edition has a high requirement on students’ learning ability.The use of tables in the Elephantine Edition textbooks is moderate in quantity and reasonable in difficulty,which effectively assists the development of students’ exploration activities.In the aspect of learning activity design,the exploration activity type presents a trend from single to integrated with the level of study.In each edition of textbooks,the position of homework is weakened and there is no special homework column designed.The comprehensive text analysis puts forward several suggestions for the new compilation of primary school science textbooks.Content presentation pays attention to The Times;Optimize learning activity design.Based on the interview survey of front-line teachers,it is learned that teachers generally accept the structure of textbooks,the selection of textbooks and the presentation of textbooks,but still encounter some difficulties and challenges in their second development and teaching practice.Some suggestions are put forward for teachers to use Science textbooks in a scientific way:to grasp the internal connection of knowledge and implement the concept of interdisciplinary;Make full use of science teaching materials to realize "teaching with teaching materials";Read textbooks extensively and design experiments independently;The use of information technology,teaching design open.