Research On The Regional Difference Of Scientific And Technological Innovation Ability Of Universities

Scientific and technological innovation of universities is an important factor to promote economic growth and an important embodiment of a country’s innovation ability.Research on science and technology innovation ability of universities and its spatial distribution characteristics of science and technology innovation ability of universities in different province is beneficial.It helps make practical suggestions to low level regions.It is beneficial to improve the overall level of universities’science and technology innovation ability in China.It optimizes the distribution of the resources of science and technology innovation.It promotes the comprehensive development of regional scientific and technological innovation of universities.It can also provide continuous innovation support to China’s industrial transformation and upgrading.Therefore,by literature research,empirical research and normative research,the following five researches are accomplished:Firstly,this paper constructed the evaluation index system of science and technology innovation of universities.Based on the data from 31 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019,this paper constructed an index evaluation system for scientific and technological innovation of universities by literature reading according to the five principles,which are Specific,Measurable,Attainable,Relevant and Traceable.The index system consists of five first-level indicators:resource guarantee ability,environmental support ability,knowledge dissemination ability,achievement transformation ability and scientific research investment ability,with 12 second-level indicators and 27 third-level indicators.Secondly,this paper measured the score of scientific and technological innovation ability of universities.Based on the literature review,this paper analyzes ten commonly used evaluation methods of the scientific and technological innovation ability of universities.The entropy model is used to calculate the scientific and technological innovation ability of universities in each province from 2010 to 2019,which provides a good reference for the follow-up observation of regional characteristics of the scientific and technological innovation of universities.In addition,this paper also uses the entropy to calculate the overall trend of China from 2010 to 2019,and finds that the implementation of policies has an important influence on the overall trend of scientific and technological innovation ability of universities.Thirdly,the spatial distribution characteristics of scientific and technological innovation ability of universities.Using ArcGIS spatial visualization method,this paper analyses the spatial distribution of science and technology innovation ability of universities in China.Through the visual figure this paper found that in addition to geographical distribution,science and technology innovation ability of universities’spatial distribution has highly correlated to the number of 211 universities.By Theil index decomposition this article found that according to the geographical location of regional innovation ability of universities in the group difference obvious.According to the distribution of the number of 211 universities,there are obvious differences between different regional groups.Fourthly,the imbalance of scientific and technological innovation ability of universities.By Gini coefficient to evaluation imbalance,this paper analyzes the imbalance of scientific and technological innovation ability of universities in different provinces in China.In this research,each province is treated as a unit,this paper improved the calculation of Gini coefficient.According to the accumulative percentage of provinces and the accumulative percentage scientific and technological innovation ability of universities,the Gini coefficient in China from 2010 to 2019 is calculated by using the definite integral method,and the Lorentz curve is used to make a more intuitive display.Fifthly,the influencing factors and spatial difference of scientific and technological innovation ability.The score of the scientific and technological innovation ability of universities is the explained variable.Scientific and technological funding,scientific research atmosphere,scientific and technological interchanges and economic level are defined as the explanatory variables.In this paper,OLS,SLM,SEM and SDM are used to analyze the effect factors’ spatial effects to the scientific and technological innovation ability,which can provide more references for policy suggestions.The result shows that there is a big gap in the scientific and technological innovation ability of universities in different provinces.The distribution of the scientific and technological ability of universities in provinces is related to geographical location and the number of 211 universities,innovation ability is decreasing from the east to the west based on the geographical location.In terms of the number of 211 universities,the provincial and municipal universities with more 211 universities have stronger scientific and technological innovation ability under similar economic level.The regression result shows that the influence of each effect factor has positive influence.The influence of scientific research atmosphere and economic level is significant.