Study On The Forecast And Development Countermeasures Of Labor Supply And Demand In China’s Construction Industry Based On The Willingness Of Construction Workers

The construction industry is a pillar industry of China’s national economy,it plays an important role in the development of economy.At present,the construction industry is still a labor-intensive industry and its development still requires a large amount of labor.However,there is a "labor shortage" in the construction industry,which is facing the risk of labor shortage.Under the concept of sustainable development,the government advocates vigorously developing construction industrialization to fundamentally solve the problem of labor shortage.In this important period of continuous deepening of construction industrialization,Predicting the supply and demand of construction labor and analyzing the development degree of construction industrialization has become an important research topic,which has important practical significance.Therefore,the study is based on the willingness of construction workers to analyze the development of the construction industry.Firstly,the study conducted a questionnaire survey on construction workers and social youth.Analyzed the willingness and years of construction workers to continue to engage in the construction industry and the factors affecting workers’ willingness to continue to work;Investigated the willingness of social youth to engage in the construction industry and the years they will engage in,and analyzed the factors affecting their engagement in the construction industry.Next,the labor supply and demand of the construction industry from 2021 to 2040 were forecasted,the demand for labor in the construction industry was predicted through the relationship between the output value of the construction industry and the employment population in the construction industry,the supply of labor was predicted through the analysis of the results of the questionnaire and obtained the gap between the supply and demand of construction labor.The typical cast-in-place and prefabricated buildings in the seven regions of East China,South China,Central China,North China,Northwest China,Southwest China,and Northeast China were selected respectively.By calculating and comparing the construction site labor of two different construction methods,the labor savings of prefabricated buildings under different prefabrication rates were obtained.Then,the labor demand and supply and demand comparison data of construction industry are obtained through the amount of labor saved under different prefabrication rates.Finally,suggestions for the development of the construction industry were put forward according to the conclusions.The results of the study show that:(1)From 2021 to 2040,when the labor demand in China’s construction industry is slow,stable and fast,the supply of labor construction industry is in short supply,and the labor gap is gradually expanding.(2)In prefabricated buildings,when the prefabrication rate is 60%,the labor on the prefabricated building construction site saves 72.78%compared to the cast-in-place construction site.When the prefabrication rate is between 40% and60%,it can save 68.99%.When the prefabrication rate is 40%,64.56% of the construction site labor can be saved.(3)When the prefabrication rate of prefabricated buildings is high,medium and low,the labor force in the construction industry shows a trend that the supply is far greater than the demand.The construction industry should speed up the pace of construction industrialization,promote the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry,and solve the problem of labor shortage in the construction industry.