Social Work Practice To Alleviate Loneliness Among Rural Elderly Living Alone

Along with the increasingly severe aging situation in China,the problems and needs of the elderly in terms of daily care and mental health are increasing,while the spiritual needs are largely neglected.The reform and opening up and urbanization process has accelerated China’s economic development and at the same time posed a huge challenge to the traditional elderly model in rural China,bringing changes to the elderly’s lifestyle and increasing their psychological adaptation difficulties.The elderly living alone in rural areas are a more vulnerable group,they suffer from declining physical functions and a sense of powerlessness in life,but also have to bear the loneliness of their families and children not being around,resulting in a more and more serious problem of loneliness,which seriously affects their quality of life in their old age,and this problem needs to be solved by a wide range of social measures.This paper focuses on social cognition and social support as the theoretical support,and takes the elderly living alone in P community of Huanggang City as the research object.Semi-structured interviews,questionnaires and scales are used to understand the current situation of the elderly living alone and to analyze their needs for social work service activities.Based on the three dimensions of cognitive bias,bad family relationship and lack of social support,we operationalized the sense of loneliness and defined the service objectives and service plan on this basis.Based on the case work activities carried out in the early stage,we will continue to extend the group work activities based on the feedback and evaluation results of the clients,so as to achieve the goal of stabilizing the service effect and continuous empowerment.In the case work session,through communication and guidance with the clients,the clients are helped to clarify their misconceptions,enhance their self-identity and form a positive and healthy life concept;family meetings are used as an opportunity to build a communication bridge between the clients and their family members,alleviate family conflicts,untie knots and form a harmonious family relationship;field visits to the community and hands-on social work activities are used as the main forms to enhance the social interaction of the clients.Action In the group activities,with the help of the local relationship network environment created by the group members,the results achieved by the clients in the early stage were consolidated and the goal of expanding social support was achieved.Based on a combination of interview,scale and observation methods,a comprehensive assessment of the achievement of the service objectives was conducted.The results showed that both the service objects in the case work and the group members in the group work felt less lonely than before they took part in the activities,and the levels of personal cognition,family relationship and social support were improved to varying degrees.At the same time,this article is to reflect on the shortcomings of the service,provides the high quality of pension services to the society from all walks of life together,take measures,the integrated use of resources to cope with extensively,follow-up should enhance professional talent team construction,for the center with egotism,integrate social resources to establish long-term effective mechanism of service,And in perfecting a variety of work methods at the same time to improve the service supervision system.