Research On The Path To Improve The Efficiency Of Rural Governance From The Perspective Of Social Capital

Social capital is a key concept in political science research,and it is also an important factor that affects social grass-roots governance.The theory and concept of social capital have played an important role in explaining the dilemma of village governance.Social capital,as a resource of village governance,affects the efficiency of village governance.In view of many problems in rural governance,some domestic scholars focus on the connotation and three elements of social capital,that is,the network formed by trust,norms and social connections.In rural governance research,few scholars combine social capital with the institutional research framework in public affairs governance.Based on the actual research and innovative research ideas,this paper adopts the research method of case comparison,expecting to explore the generation mechanism of social capital influencing village governance logic from the inside of the village,resolve the governance dilemma of the current rural society,and thus promote the effective governance of the village.This paper adopts the method of "process-event" analysis,based on the field investigation of villagers’ participation in village public facilities construction and social governance in W village and X village in Suqian City,Jiangsu Province,and takes the public facilities construction practice in X village and W village adjacent to the same township as the event carrier,taking village cadres and villagers as the main research objects,and compares and analyzes the specific behavior of village public affairs in the specific process of digging deep into the details of village public facilities construction and the changes of the relationship between cadres and the masses.Based on the three dimensions of village,organization and individual,we can deeply explore the composition and influence of social capital.Based on the three dimensions of village social capital,organizational social capital and individual social capital,we can reveal how the three social capitals interact with the collective selection system in Ostrom’s public affairs governance and the implementation of the system in the operational level,which leads to the difference in rural governance efficiency.Make use of the advantages of rural social resources,actively promote the trust of rural society,the improvement of laws and regulations and the construction of social networks,in order to reach a higher level of rural governance,so as to better promote the development of rural revitalization.The main body of the article is divided into three parts.First,it expounds the present situation of villagers’ autonomy and the background of public necessities.In the face of the higher-level administrative appointment system,one village passively accepts the policy designation,while another village overturns the appointment system to realize the autonomy activation.In 2012,under the background of beautiful countryside’s construction,both villages were faced with the demand of public necessities,that is,W village was repaired with water pipes,and X village was rebuilt with roads.The second is the case comparison between W village and X village.This paper mainly describes why the two villages show completely different demands and finally show different governance results when they are faced with the construction of public necessities at the same time.Through case comparison,it is found that social capital plays an important role in it.Based on the three latitudes of village,organization and individual,this paper analyzes social capital and systematically expounds how social capital affects the village system selection and action logic,and then affects the difference of the final rural governance efficiency.The third is the conclusion,and the optimal path to improve the efficiency of rural governance is obtained.This paper expounds the logical relationship between social capital and rural governance efficiency,that is,the stock and nature of social capital will have an impact on rural governance and development.Only when benign social capital reaches a certain threshold,that is,trust,capable resources and organizational norms are simultaneously guaranteed and strengthened,rural governance efficiency can be optimized.In a word,optimizing and cultivating the benign social capital of villages and giving full play to the power of positive social capital can effectively promote rural governance and stimulate the vitality and motivation of rural development.Based on the research perspective of social capital,the author finds that scholars focus on cultivating benign social capital,improving the level of rural good governance and discussing the interaction between social capital and rural governance.However,it is rarely seen that articles explore and compare the sources of endogeneity,and discuss the interactive relationship between social capital and institutional levels in public affairs governance from three research latitudes.Therefore,it is meaningful for the author to choose a comparative method to explore the endogenous problems of the village society in the case,so as to help think about how social capital affects the implementation of rural governance and the power to improve governance efficiency.