Research On The Energy Rights Trading Syste

Energy is the basis for human survival and the engine for economic and social development.While human beings enjoy the convenience brought by energy,the problems of energy shortage,inefficient use of energy and energy pollution are becoming more and more acute.Energy conservation is one of the most effective ways to deal with energy problems,and the key point of energy conservation is to improve energy utilization efficiency.In order to ensure energy efficiency,China has transformed the command-and-control regulation in the field of environmental governance and proposed a market-based energy-use rights trading system in the "Overall Plan for Reforming the Ecological Civilization System" to force energy-using enterprises to improve energy efficiency and take up the important task of controlling the total amount and intensity of national energy consumption.After the "double carbon" goal was proposed,the focus of environmental protection shifted to pollution reduction and carbon reduction,and achieving synergy in pollution reduction and carbon reduction became a top priority.Fossil energy is the main source of carbon dioxide,reducing energy consumption is purely natural and to achieve the "double carbon" goal has a link.The report points out that to promote the carbon peak and carbon neutral governance,we should improve the regulation of energy consumption and control fossil energy consumption.The energy trading system is not only a means to strengthen the control of energy consumption,but also a measure to ensure the realization of the "double carbon" target.In the implementation stage of the 14 th Five-Year Plan,it is of great significance to implement the energy-use rights trading system.However,in the pilot practice,the energy trading system has not been carried out smoothly,and there are many problems to be solved.This paper attempts to analyze the problems arising from the implementation of the energy trading system and try to propose solutions to help achieve the goal of "double carbon" by improving the energy trading system itself.The article consists of four parts,excluding the introduction and conclusion.The first part provides an overview of the energy trading system.Firstly,the core concepts of energy use right,energy use right trading and energy use right trading system are defined.Second,the concepts related to the energy rights trading system are identified,mainly the market for similar rights and environmental rights trading.Finally,the underlying theories underlying the energy-use rights trading system are explained.The second part examines the evolution of the energy trading system from an empirical perspective,and the current state of the text and practice.Firstly,the evolution and development trend of the energy trading system is analyzed in depth.Second,the normative documents of the energy trading system are sorted out,and each link of the energy trading system is interpreted.Finally,the practical operation of the energy trading system in pilot areas is examined.The third part provides a comprehensive analysis of the problems of China’s energy trading system.The problems are reflected in the legislation,the approval of energy-use right indicators,market operation,trading performance,and trading supervision.In terms of legislation,it is found that there is a lag in the law,which does not respond to the "double carbon" target,and there is a lack of legal basis at the national level and insufficient legislative supply at the local level.In terms of the approval of energy-use right indicators,it was found that the total energy-use right control target was unreasonable and the initial allocation was not fully implemented in the form of paid allocation.In terms of market operation,it is found that the administrative power excessively interferes with the market,and the synergy with carbon emission trading is insufficient,and the judicial remedy right of trading subjects is not active.In terms of trading compliance,it is found that the compliance model is single and the deterrent effect of penalties is insufficient.In terms of trading regulation,it is found that there is a single regulatory body and a lack of regulation of energy consumption leakage.The fourth part proposes countermeasures to the problems of the energy-use rights trading system.Firstly,the legislative purpose should be reconstructed to respond to the goal of "double carbon",and the legislation at national and local levels should be strengthened.Secondly,to set a reasonable target for the total amount of energy use rights control and gradually realize the initial allocation method with compensation.Thirdly,to promote the market-oriented trading,strengthen the coordination with the carbon emission trading market,and activate the right of judicial remedy.Finally,we should strengthen the binding force of penalties,introduce compliance offset mechanism,build a multi-governance supervision system,and include energy leakage in the scope of supervision,so as to improve the energy-use rights trading system and ensure the realization of the "double carbon" target.