Research On The Path Of Returning Elites’ Participation In Rural Community Governance

The report of the 20 th National Congress put forward the concept of "Chinese-style modernization" for the first time,and put forward the governance goal of "basically modernizing the national governance system and governance capacity by 2035",and also mentioned that "the most arduous and onerous task of comprehensively building a modern socialist country is still in the countryside".Promoting the modernization of rural governance capacity requires the participation of multiple subjects such as the government,social organizations and the people,and in this process,the common use of autonomy,the good use of rule of ethics,and the clever use of the rule of law are conducive to promoting the reform of village governance,and continuously promoting the modernization of the rural governance system through the diversification of governance subjects and governance methods.At the same time,through optimizing policy design,promoting policy implementation and improving service mechanisms,we will continue to promote the modernization of rural governance capabilities,and finally promote good governance in rural areas on the basis of realizing the two modernizations.At present,the reality of village development is that it is difficult for external forces to effectively intervene in the village development system,and it is difficult for the original village authorities to promote the modernization and transformation of village governance through their own capabilities.This study uses literature research methods,questionnaire survey methods and case interview methods,and uses the three theories of elite theory,elite mobility theory and good governance theory to conduct an in-depth analysis of the two major behaviors of returning elites in four different types of villages in Yangling District and participating in village governance,and deeply explores the specific behavior patterns of elites participating in village governance after returning to their hometowns,and on this basis,deeply analyzes the driving forces of elites in the process of returning to their hometowns and the effects of the functions of the government,elites themselves and the original old authority of the village in the process of returning home.The results of its studies are as follows.There is a convergence in the behavior logic of elites returning to their hometowns to participate in rural governance,all of which start from infrastructure construction that farmers can see,feel and achieve quick results to build trust with farmers,and relevant practices have played a prominent role in improving the village environment,increasing villagers’ income,improving social atmosphere and promoting rural governance.In this process,it is found that the historical inevitability of returning elites to govern villages,and their return behavior,degree of participation in village governance and village governance effectiveness are jointly affected by current policies,local feelings,individual rationality,and village development foundation.Therefore,this paper further disassembles the behavior of elites returning to their hometowns to participate in village governance,and explores the influence of the government,elites themselves and the old authority of villages on elites’ return to their hometowns to participate in village governance from three different stages:early,middle and late stages of returning to their hometowns.Based on the above analysis and field research materials,it is found that in the process of returning elites to participate in village governance,there are still problems in three aspects: the effectiveness of existing policies has not been fully manifested,the effect of transmission and help between new and old authorities is not obvious,and it is difficult for village governance to accurately respond to the development needs of villagers.Further analysis believes that the reasons for the above problems are mainly the misalignment between the ability of the returning elites and the needs of the villages,the deviation between the supply of government policies and the actual needs,and the mechanism for promoting the transformation of different types of returning elites is not perfect,and the optimization suggestions should be given from three aspects: the national level should continue to improve the institutional design,the village level should promote the environmental construction of the elites to return to their hometowns,and the elites themselves should take multiple measures to improve their own ability and quality.