Study On Rent And Interest Reduction In Taihang Anti-Japanese Base Area Of The Communist Party Of China

Rent reduction and interest reduction is a special land policy implemented by the Communist Party of China in order to meet the needs of the war of Resistance during the Anti-Japanese War,which has three characteristics of transition,reform and revolution.The starting point is that the CPC aims to improve the lives of poor peasants,stimulate their anti-Japanese enthusiasm,and then unite landlords and rich peasants to establish an anti-Japanese national united front in order to deal with the reality that Sino-Japanese contradiction has gradually become the main contradiction in Chinese society.As the main keynote of the Communist Party’s land policy during the Anti-Japanese War and the early period of the Liberation War,rent and interest reduction touched every aspect of Chinese social life in the implementation process,and had a profound impact on the establishment and consolidation of the Communist Party’s anti-Japanese base areas,as well as the collapse and reshaping of the traditional rural power structure.The Taihang anti-Japanese Base area was one of the important base areas established by the Communist Party of China in North China during the Anti-Japanese War.It was an important core area of the border area of Shanxi,Hebei,Shandong and Henan,and also the frontier and reliable rear area of the Communist Party of China and the people’s army under its leadership during the War of Liberation.Its important position in the North China Anti-Japanese War is self-evident.The principle and policy of the Party in this area have been well carried out and implemented because of the importance of its status,which is typical and irreplaceable.Therefore,this paper selects the rent and interest reduction movement of Taihang anti-Japanese base areas as the research theme,uses the research method of historical materialism,takes the development process of the rent and interest reduction movement of Taihang anti-Japanese base areas as the research main line,and systematically discusses the achievements and problems in different stages of rent and interest reduction in Taihang anti-Japanese base areas.From the perspective of change,it dynamically interprets the thoughts of village cadres,landlords and farmers as well as the development and changes of social economy in Taihang District,and on this basis,further analyzes the positive impact of the rent and interest reduction movement on the Taihang District rural society and the joint Anti-Japanese War of all strata.First of all,this paper systematically sorted out the political ecology of the Taihang anti-Japanese base area and its establishment process,discussed the physical geographical environment of Taihang District and the economic development situation before the Anti-Japanese War,and systematically analyzed the distribution of land ownership,class structure,tenancy relationship and loan relationship of Taihang District before the Anti-Japanese War.In order to further understand the cruelty of feudal exploitation and the hardship of the bottom farmers in Taihang District during this period,the necessity and urgency of carrying out the campaign of rent reduction and interest reduction are highlighted.Secondly,this paper systematically expounds the beginning and end of the rent and interest reduction movement in Taihang anti-Japanese base areas,which can be divided into three stages: the initial stage from 1938 to 1941,the rapid development stage from 1942 to 1943,and the gradual improvement stage from 1944 to 1945.Through the release of the policy of rent reduction and interest reduction at each stage and the implementation of specific work and detailed elaboration,in the affirmation of the achievements in each stage,but also pointed out a variety of problems in this stage,dynamic showing the process of rent reduction and interest reduction policy in the process of development of each interest class game.Thirdly,this paper analyzes the great changes brought by the rent and interest reduction to the Taihang anti-Japanese base area from the sociological perspective.First,the changes of rural land relations and class structure with the development of rent and interest reduction movement;Second,the changes of farmers’ social life under the influence of the policy of rent reduction and interest reduction;Thirdly,it discusses the outstanding contribution of the campaign of rent reduction and interest reduction to the consolidation of the anti-Japanese national united front and the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.Finally,this paper analyzes and summarizes the reference significance of the successful implementation of the policy of rent reduction and interest reduction for the current formulation of land policy and the construction of new socialist countryside.