Research On Marx And Engels’ Thought On Socialist Transformation And Modernization Of Agriculture

Based on dialectical materialism and historical materialism,Marx and Engels launched a penetrating discussion on the transformation and modernization of agricultural socialism.Agriculture has always been a key focus of the Party and the state’s work,and its development plays a fundamental role in the national economy.Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China,the development process of agriculture in China has inherently contained the content of socialist transformation and modernization of agriculture.Therefore,tracing back to the root and delving deeply into Marx and Engels’ socialist transformation and modernization of agriculture not only helps to re-examine the process of agricultural development since the founding of New China,but also helps to scientifically view the high-quality development of agriculture.Under the social history conditions where the rapid development of capitalism has had an impact on agriculture,Marx and Engels critically inherited the thought of the French physiocratic school,the agricultural economic thought of Libich and Malthus,the thought of British bourgeois economists on agricultural economy,and the Utopian socialism ’statements on agriculture,forming the thought of agricultural socialist transformation and modernization.The socialist transformation of agriculture is the foundation of agricultural modernization and a component of agricultural modernization ideology.Marx and Engels’ ideas on socialist transformation of agriculture are not general,but focus on socialist modernization;At the same time,the idea of agricultural modernization has not deviated from the socialist ideology of agriculture.Marx and Engels studied the status and role of agriculture,demonstrating its fundamental position from the perspectives of agricultural production being the primary condition for human survival,agriculture being the foundation for the existence and development of other sectors of the national economy,and the impact of agricultural labor productivity on the division of labor between industry and agriculture.On this basis,Marx and Engels explored the development of agriculture.They analyzed the historical limitations of small-scale peasant economy and capitalist agricultural production methods,emphasized the necessity of socialist transformation of agriculture,and explained the basic path of socialist transformation of agriculture.Among them,cooperative production can promote the socialist transformation of agriculture,and the necessity,principles,and methods of cooperative production are discussed.They believe that the socialist transformation of agriculture will eventually lead to modernization.Marx and Engels pointed out that the essence of agricultural modernization is to develop a developed commodity economy,the core measure is to improve agricultural labor productivity,the key means is to use science and technology,the inevitable trend is to promote modern agriculture,and the only way is to scientifically handle urban-rural relations.Marx and Engels’ thought on socialist transformation and modernization of agriculture laid the theoretical foundation of Marxist thought on socialist transformation and modernization,and surpassed other schools of thought on agricultural transformation and modernization in modern times.At the same time,Marx and Engels’ ideas on socialist transformation and modernization of agriculture also provide practical inspiration for scientifically examining the specific practice of China’s agricultural development:consolidating the fundamental position of agriculture and adhering to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas;Improve the basic rural management system and organically connect small farmers with modern agriculture;Optimize agricultural technology support and accelerate the construction of an agricultural power;Smooth urban-rural elements and promote urban-rural integration.