A Study Of The Critique On Civil Society In On The Jewish Question

Marx’s critical theory of civil society in "On the Jewish Question" is an important content that cannot be ignored in the history of Marx’s ideological development.It was in this work that Marx realized the sublation of Hegel’s theory of the rational state.For the first time,he shifted his research vision from the rational state to the real civil society and its members,and has initially realized that the critique of political economy is importance in civil society.Based on the research on the critical theory of civil society in Marx’s "On the Jewish Question",this article clarifies the logical approach of Marx’s exploration from political liberation to human liberation,and then reveals the contemporary value of Marx’s critical theory of civil society.First of all,this paper examines the development of civil society theory,explains Marx’s inheritance and criticism of Hegel’s civil society theory,and thus puts forward his innovative understanding of civil society monism.The concept of civil society has experienced a development process from an abstract community to a binary separation from the political state.Hegel believes that the principle of particularity in civil society needs to be sublated with a universal rational state,while Bauer hopes for the self-development of self-consciousness to obtain human liberation.But Marx criticized the abstraction of this idealist project,and believed that the critique of civil society should be traced back to civil society itself.Secondly,this paper focuses on Marx’s dialectical analysis of Bauer’s solution to the "Jewish Question",and points out Marx’s logical critique path from religious criticism to political criticism,and then to human emancipation.Marx criticized the incomplete religious criticism of modern political philosophers and rejected the abstract political system of the West.By revealing the "Jewish spirit" essence of civil society,he pointed out that the liberation of human beings must return the essence of human beings to themselves.In Marx’s deliberation and debate,his critical theory of civil society needs to be further deepened.Thirdly,The third part expounds the theoretical and practical significance of the critical theory of civil society in Marx’s "On the Jewish Problem".On the one hand,in view of the civil society based on the classical liberalism theory,Marx criticized the premise of private ownership while restoring its fundamental position.After clearing up the religious and political obstacles,Marx realized that only from the perspective of political and economic criticism can he analyze civil society in depth.On the other hand,Marx’s critical theory of civil society has broken through the shackles of western "hegemonic" democratic political thought,and provided theoretical guidance for China to take the people centered Chinese path to modernization development path.The historic achievements and worldwide contributions made by the development of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics are the echoes of Marx’s theory of civil society criticism and human liberation in the new era.