Reserach On Inter-Provincial Equity Of Access To High-Quality Higher Education In China

Higher education serves the needs of social and economic development,is the most important human resources supply platform in social and economic development,and is also an important position for conducting scientific research and providing social services.Since the expansion of colleges and universities in 1999,China’s higher education has made great achievements,and higher education has entered a new stage of improving quality,optimizing structure and promoting equity.Educational equity is the cornerstone of social equity,and promoting equal access to higher education is the starting point for solving the problem of equity in the field of higher education,and increasing access to high-quality higher education and narrowing the difference in access to high-quality higher education between provinces(municipalities directly under the central government,autonomous regions)has become an important issue in the reform and development of China’s higher education field.Based on the above background,this paper takes the inter-provincial differences in high-quality higher education admission opportunities as the core,studies the enrollment plans of high-quality higher education institutions represented by "985 Project" universities in China from 2018 to 2022,constructs an index system to analyze the enrollment data from the three dimensions of absolute index,relative index and localization index,and mainly draws the following conclusions: First,the total number of high-quality higher education enrollment opportunities in China has increased,but the overall acceptance rate has shown a tortuous downward trend.Second,the inter-provincial inequality of access to high-quality higher education is obvious and showing a trend of expansion.Third,the inter-provincial differences in China’s high-quality higher education enrollment opportunities are more due to intra-group differences,and the traditional macro-control model of higher education policy adjustment according to larger administrative regions is not appropriate.Fourth,college enrollment has different degrees of territorial tendency,but on the whole,the territorial tendency is gradually shrinking.In order to further study the factors affecting the inter-provincial fairness of high-quality higher education admission opportunities in China,this paper establishes a fixed-effect panel model to empirically analyze the factors affecting the formulation of provincial enrollment plans of colleges and universities,and finds that historical continuity factors have a decisive impact on the formulation of college enrollment plans for this year.Based on the existing research results,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the inter-provincial fairness of high-quality higher education admission opportunities from three aspects: increasing the supply of high-quality higher education resources,promoting the coordinated development of provinces,and improving the college enrollment system.