Research On The Problem Of Fair Proportionality In The Context Of Marxist View Of Fairness

The question of "what is fairness" has troubled people for thousands of years.The principle of equitable proportionality is a tentative answer to the question of the nature of equity,based on the Marxist concept of equity and the theory of " to give everyone what he deserves".The theoretical view is that there is equal proportionality in fairness,and equal proportionality is a necessary and insufficient condition for fairness;the sufficient and necessary condition for fairness is that the nature of the outcome of distribution and the basis of distribution should match,and the proportion should be appropriate.This article examines the issue of fair proportionality,including the question of what are the necessary and sufficient conditions for the principle of equitable equivalence and its application.Both the ancient Chinese sages and the Western philosophers have their theoretical shining points: the ancient Chinese fairness thought opposes egalitarian fairness and emphasises "everything gets its share" and " salary based on merit",while the Western fairness thought emphasized the rational principle of fairness and laid the theoretical framework for the modern fairness theory.The Western idea of fairness,on the other hand,emphasises the relationship between fairness and deservingness,and has laid the theoretical framework for modern theories of fairness;but at the same time,both have the limitations of their time: the ancient Chinese idea of fairness reflects the defence of the feudal ruling class and the over-idealisation of a harmonious society,while the Western idea of fairness,from the focus on individual virtue to the will of God alone and the development of individual rights,has a one-sided theory.Marxism stands on the height of historical materialism and starts from the root of the emergence of equity,pointing out that equity arises from practice and is determined by social and economic conditions;that equity,as a product of history,does not exist eternally;that in capitalist society,the realization of equity depends on the elimination of private ownership and class;and that true equity is the realization of the free and comprehensive development of each individual.Marx applied the idea of equity to the social sphere and created the theory of scientific socialism.Marx,however,had not yet conducted a direct quantitative study of the nature of fairness.Based on the Marxist concept of fairness,Professor Xu Mengqiu has proposed the principle of equitable proportionality from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives,which provides a negative basis for the determination of fairness.The problems that need to be further addressed regarding the principle of equitable proportionality include the existence of the problem of the universality of the theory,the lack of practical testing,and the need for further research and deepening.Under the guidance of Marxist practical method,philosophical practice is used as a method to try to solve the problem of fair proportionality by philosophical experiment.The experimental hypothesis is put forward according to the fair proportion problem,the experimental questionnaire scenario is set up with specific fair cases,the allocation basis and allocation result are set up as A and B papers respectively for controlled experiments,and the collected questionnaires are analysed and discussed for data.The experimental results show that: the proportional correlation between allocation outcome X and allocation basis Y is high,and the proportional situation of each option in the allocation outcome is highly correlated with the proportional situation of each option in the allocation basis,indicating that equivalence is a necessary condition for fairness;the allocation outcome is only equivalently related to a specific type of allocation basis,so not all equivalence is fair,and equivalence at this point is not a The reasonable option is the result of a combination of factors,with multiple factors forming the basis for allocation and forming an equiproportional relationship with the outcome of the allocation according to a certain ratio.In addition,there are still theoretical and practical limitations to this experiment,with issues such as the number of questions in the questionnaire,the complexity of the questions and the sample size to be optimised.Research on the issue of fair proportionality has theoretical and practical value in the new era.In social life,the principle of equitable proportionality can be applied in various fields to provide basic ideas for solving equity problems.Based on this,various factors need to be considered comprehensively when selecting the basis of distribution,and various value bases need to be analysed in specific problems to create conditions for the realisation of fairness.In the face of complex social equity issues,it is necessary to adhere to the guidance of the Marxist concept of equity,continuously improve the social system,promote economic development,recognise the essential issues of equity in practice,and apply them in practice.