Research On The Influence Of Social Security Level On Fertility Desire And Its Mechanism

Reproductive behavior is related to the well-being of millions of households and affects the sustained and healthy development of economic society.The construction of a fertility friendly society originated from the idea of adhering to the people as the center.Currently,China’s fertility rate is gradually declining,and China has entered an ultra-low fertility level.The effect of a single two child policy and a comprehensive two child policy on promoting public fertility is far from reaching the expected level,far below the expected number before the implementation of the policy.Although the implementation effect of the three child policy in 2021 is unknown,it is still proposed under the framework of restrictive population policies,and cannot truly achieve the effect of reversing the fertility downturn.The continuous decline in fertility is closely related to the fertility desire of the reproductive age group.Fertility desire not only reflects the fertility desire and pursuit of individuals of reproductive age,but also is one of the criteria for testing the national fertility environment and measuring social and economic development.It has become an important task for the government at this stage to boost fertility willingness,increase the fertility rate,actively respond to the aging population,let the ideal of fertility friendliness shine into reality,and let the population dividend benefit future generations.Social security is related to the people’s livelihood,national economic development,security and stability,and is an important institutional arrangement that benefits the people’s livelihood under the framework of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Social security level and social security satisfaction are effective measures to measure the level of social security development,representing the social security benefits of a country or region on the micro level and the social security capabilities of a country or region on the subjective level.Existing research on social security level and social security satisfaction mostly focuses on the research of relevant antecedents and how to promote the improvement of social security level,To some extent,research on the level of social security,the outcome variables of social security satisfaction,and the mechanism of action has been ignored.With the deepening of the industrial society and the post industrial society,the relationship between social security and fertility willingness has become increasingly close.Therefore,this study selected CFPS data and first used a two-way effect fixed model to explore the impact of social security level and social security satisfaction on fertility willingness,using social security level and social security satisfaction as antecedent variables and fertility willingness as outcome variables;Secondly,considering the impact of different regions,different levels of education,and different fertility policies,we conducted a heterogeneity analysis;Subsequently,using the mediating role of social insurance,social welfare,social assistance,education security satisfaction,medical security satisfaction,and housing security satisfaction,we explored the regulatory role of social security level,social security satisfaction,and the process of influencing fertility intention,broadening the research perspective in the field of social security,and further enriching existing research.The following conclusions are drawn through the study: First,the level of social security,social security satisfaction,and fertility intention are significantly negatively correlated.Second,among the relevant control variables,age,household registration status,work status,party members,health status,housing prices,and income status are positively correlated with fertility intention,while gender,marital status,whether there is a real estate,and family income are negatively correlated.Third,social insurance,social assistance,social welfare,education security satisfaction,medical security satisfaction,and housing security satisfaction play an intermediary role in the process of influencing social security levels and social security satisfaction on fertility willingness.Except for social insurance,other intermediary variables play a positive role in the impact process.Based on the analysis of the research results,relevant strategies to promote fertility desire were proposed.First,improve the social security system and improve the quantity and quality of the population;Second,strengthen social effects and strengthen social propaganda;Third,promote social equality and pay attention to women’s security;Fourth,pay attention to the impact of differentiation and balance fertility desire;Fifth,pay attention to family services and improve the socialized service system.Finally,this study explored possible limitations.