Study On The Optimization Of Rural Habitat Improvement Mechanism Under The Perspective Of Polycentric Governance

In the new period of implementing the rural revitalization strategy,improving the rural living environment has been elevated to a national strategy and has achieved phased results.In recent years,City M has taken the improvement of rural habitat environment as an important part of the construction of new socialist countryside,vigorously improved the infrastructure construction and guided the society to participate extensively,and the rural habitat environment has been greatly improved.However,in the continuous reform of the society,the old rural governance model is constantly facing the challenges of urbanization,and problems such as insufficient government governance and single mode of governance have emerged,and the rural habitat environment improvement model led by a single subject can no longer meet the growing needs of the people.Polycentric governance theory is an important school of new public management theory,which advocates that all levels of government and its derivatives,private organizations,social organizations and individual citizens should be subjects of governance,and it has important practical significance for public affairs governance.Based on this,this paper attempts to examine the practice and dilemma of rural habitat improvement in M city with the help of Ostrom’s "polycentric governance" theory and its analytical framework,especially focusing on the effective way to optimize the mechanism of rural habitat improvement in M city beyond the government-led management model.The author conducted in-depth interviews with grassroots government staff,enterprises,social organizations,and villagers to understand the current situation,problems,and causes of rural habitat improvement in M city.The study found that the city has adopted some unique practices in rural habitat improvement,such as promoting the construction of sewage treatment facilities through the PPP bidding model and promoting the "point system" to encourage villagers to participate in governance,which has achieved certain results.However,it is undeniable that there are still many problems at the level of polycentric governance,such as insufficient government governance,the lack of social participation in governance.The main reasons for this are the unclear positioning of the grassroots government,the inadequate legal protection mechanism,the lack of market attraction in rural areas,and the weak capacity of village collective self-governance.Finally,this paper proposes the establishment of a multi-centered "government-enterprise-social organization-villager" model of rural habitat environment improvement,which provides a new reference model for rural habitat environment improvement and effectively enhances the effectiveness of rural habitat environment management by transforming government functions,innovating cooperation,encouraging social organizations to intervene,and improving the main status of farmers.