The Impact Of Rural Tourism Development On The Livelihood Transformation Of Rural Households In Ethnic Areas

Under the background of China’s implementation of a series of policies such as rural revitalization strategy,rejuvenation of border areas and enrichment of the people and tourism poverty alleviation action,the development of rural tourism in ethnic areas has received a large influx of social capital,and the southwest border provinces will develop rural tourism in ethnic areas as an important way to promote rural modernization and realize the strategy of rural revitalization.Normalization and widespread rural tourism development activities will inevitably have an important impact on the social economy of ethnic areas,and at the same time promote the transformation of local farmers livelihood strategies.In 2023,the Central Document No.1proposed to implement the rural leisure tourism boutique project,in fact,studying the changes in the characteristics and influencing factors of farmers livelihood strategies generated in the development of rural tourism in ethnic areas has always been the focus of attention of both political and academic circles.How is the process of livelihood transformation of local farmers in the process of rural tourism development in ethnic areas? What are the differences between farmers choosing different types of livelihood activities? Specifically,what factors have brought about the development of rural tourism affected the livelihood transformation of rural households and produced different livelihood outcomes? The discussion of these major practical issues is of far-reaching significance to China’s development of agricultural and rural construction and the improvement of the sustainability of farmers’ livelihoods in ethnic areas.Through the discussion of the above issues,it is hoped that we can understand the applicability of sustainable livelihood theory in the context of rural tourism development in ethnic areas in China,and further explore the micro-impact of the livelihood of ethnic areas and rural households under the background of macro-environmental changes in rural tourism development,so as to clarify the specific manifestations of the livelihood transformation of local farmers,so as to provide a reference direction for the realization of sustainable livelihoods of rural households in ethnic areas and the policy formulation of rural tourism from a deeper level.Taking Huangyao Ancient Town of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as a case,this paper adopts a comprehensive research method combining macro and micro,qualitative and quantitative,takes sustainable livelihood theory as the starting point,and cites the DFID sustainable livelihood analysis framework.Based on the five types of livelihood capital in the sustainable livelihood analysis framework,the socio-economic characteristics and rural conditions of rural households in Huangyao Ancient Town are first descriptively analyzed.Through the classification of farmers,the research data was used to analyze the characteristics of the change of the livelihood capital of several types of farmers,and the current situation of the livelihood results of different types of farmers was analyzed.Secondly,with reference to the current research results,the variable factors are introduced into the livelihood capital index system,and the index system for measuring the livelihood capital of farmers is established based on the actual situation of local rural tourism development.Finally,by establishing a binary logistic regression model,the influencing factors of rural tourism development on the change of livelihood capital of local farmers are analyzed.Then,based on the quantitative values of local farmers’ livelihood outcomes after rural tourism development and the results of regression models,targeted policy suggestions were put forward to consolidate the sustainable livelihoods of farmers in ethnic areas.The conclusions reached are as follows:First,in the process of rural tourism development,farmers in Huangyao Ancient Town mainly formed five types of farmers with different combinations of livelihood activities based on their own capital situation.Compared with before the development of rural tourism,the proportion of local people using traditional agricultural production activities as their livelihood gradually decreased,the proportion of farmers engaged in new tourism business activities gradually increased,and the combination mode of farmers’ livelihood strategies evolved from single to diversified,which made the living standards of rural households in ethnic areas significantly improved.The second is to build an evaluation index system for farmers’ livelihood capital,calculate the five quantitative values of livelihood capital of farmers,specifically,all kinds of quantitative values are below the level of 0.5,which is far from the ideal situation,indicating that the total amount of livelihood capital of rural households in ethnic minority areas is relatively scarce,and local ethnic minority adult farmers generally have problems such as low education level and single social relationship network.The third is to analyze by constructing a binary logistic regression model,it can be seen that the quality and quantity of human,material,financial and social capital of farmers in Huangyao Ancient Town have an impact on whether farmers choose tourism-oriented livelihood activities under certain conditions,while the influence of natural capital on whether farmers choose tourism-oriented livelihood strategies is not significant.Summarizing the above conclusions,the paper proposes to adhere to the comprehensive layout of the plan,attach importance to coordinated development,and improve the public service capacity of regional infrastructure.and countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen the comprehensive utilization effect of farmers’ livelihood capital and enhance the ability of farmers’ livelihood strategies to transform and adjust.Finally,the paper prospects: Follow-up research can select multiple ethnic areas to expand the scope of sample research,and in the future,when faced with the spatial and temporal changes of different research subjects,the impact mechanism of livelihood strategy transformation can be considered from a more systematic thinking.