| The problem of poverty is a common problem faced by all countries in the world,which concerns the stability of society and the sustainable development of economy.Relocation is the most important project in the“Five-in-one” project of precision poverty alleviation,and it is also an effective way to solve the difficult problem of poverty alleviation in the deeply impoverished areas,and it can fundamentally meet the needs of the deeply impoverished population to move out of the poverty environment,urgent need to address the root causes of poverty.With the completion of the task of poverty eradication,the center of the relocation work has gradually transferred to the follow-up support work,the livelihood development of relocated farmers has become a key issue.To study the sustainable livelihood development of the relocated farmers,and then put forward corresponding suggestions to improve the livelihood development of the relocated farmers,can help the relocated farmers to achieve stable livelihood development,it is of great significance to the follow-up work of the relocation.Guizhou province is a typical rocky desertification area in KRAS,where the ecological environment is extremely fragile and there is a large concentration of poor people.Guizhou province is also the country’s relocation of the relocation of the most poor provinces.Therefore,this study chooses Guizhou province as the study area to study the sustainable livelihood of the relocated people.With the aid of Sustainable Livelihood Analysis Framework(SLA),this paper firstly selects suitable indexes to construct the index system of livelihood evaluation of relocated farmers.Then we compare the amount of livelihood capital owned by the relocated farmers in different resettlement modes and different resettlement years.Then,it analyzes the change of livelihood strategy of farmers before and after relocation,the influence of Quantitative analysis capital ownership on livelihood strategy choice,and studies the influence factors of livelihood strategy choice,probing into the change of livelihood strategy of relocated farmers in time series change.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Rural households resettled in central village were rich in natural capital,but the natural capital decreased after relocation.The physical capital of rural households in the county seat resettlement type increased by 68.13% compared with that before relocation.Under the influence of the epidemic in 2020,this type of farmers still maintain a positive increase in financial capital.The human capital and natural capital of farmers resettled in market town were significantly improved compared with those before relocation.The natural capital of the farmers who relocated in 2016 was the most abundant,but the human capital decreased compared with that before relocation.In 2017,the human capital of the relocated farmers increased by 1.86%,but the social capital decreased compared with that before the relocation.In 2018,the financial capital of relocated rural households increased by 20.35%.In 2019,the material capital of relocated rural households increased by 69.97%.(2)After the relocation,the comprehensive livelihood capital of peasant households has been improved,and the living standard of peasant households has been greatly improved.The physical capital owned by peasant households has been significantly increased by 60.82%,followed by natural capital and social capital,which has decreased by 10.39%.The overall value of livelihood capital of rural households increased the most in the county seat type,followed by the central village type and market town type.The comprehensive value of livelihood capital of farmers who relocated in 2019 improved the most,followed by those who relocated in2018.The comprehensive value of livelihood capital of farmers who relocated in 2017 and 2016 improved less.(3)The relocation policy of poverty alleviation from inhospitable areas promoted the transformation of farmers’ livelihood strategy from agriculture-oriented livelihood strategy to non-agricultural livelihood strategy.Before relocation,there were 98 households whose main livelihood strategy was agriculture,and 887 households whose main livelihood strategy was non-agriculture.In 2019,there were only 16 households whose main livelihood strategy was agriculture.Affected by the epidemic in 2020,the choice of livelihood strategy of relocated farmers fluctuates,and the number of farmers choosing agriculture as the main livelihood strategy increases.(4)The improvement of natural capital and financial capital is helpful for farmers to choose agriculture-related and agriculture-related livelihood strategies,while the improvement of physical capital and social capital is unfavorable for farmers to choose agriculture-related and agriculture-related livelihood strategies.The improvement of physical capital,human capital and social capital is helpful for farmers to choose off-farm livelihood strategy,while natural capital is unfavorable for farmers to choose off-farm livelihood strategy.The improvement of physical capital and social capital is conducive to the transformation from agriculture-oriented livelihood strategy to non-agriculture-oriented livelihood strategy of relocated farmers,while the improvement of natural capital and financial capital does not take advantage of this transformation.The increase of forest land area and household loan amount is conducive to the transformation of farmers’ livelihood strategy from agriculture-based to non-agriculture-based,while the increase of labor support ratio and land area of farmers’ transfer is not conducive to the transformation.Move it won in the end,the research on poverty alleviation farmers livelihood capital development and livelihood strategy choice,proposes promoting the transformation of natural capital,increase farmers physical capital share,increasing the farmers financial capital holdings,move farmers’ human capital,strengthen community and neighborhood committees and relocate communication and optimize the relocation of the farmers farmers livelihood strategy choice and so on,It is expected to provide reference and help for sustainable livelihood development of poverty-stricken farmers relocated from inhospitable areas in Guizhou Province. |
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