The Practical Dilemma And Path Optimization Of Decentralized Support For The Rural Poor Elderly

China has entered an aging society,which is one of the important national conditions in the 21st century.The level of aging in rural areas is significantly higher than that in urban areas,and the phenomenon of "urban-rural inversion" of aging is further intensified.As the most special and vulnerable group among the rural elderly population,the elderly in extreme poverty in rural areas(former rural "five guarantees" elderly people,no labor ability,no support,no source of living)should be highly valued and fully paid attention to by the country and society due to their own vulnerability and the fracture of social relationship network,There is a great tension between the demand of pension service for the elderly in rural areas and the weakening of the function of family security and the supply of pension service.Who cares for and how to care for the elderly in rural areas has become a great challenge for the stable development of our country’s economy and society and to solve the aging problem.The pension service for the elderly in rural areas should rely on the institutional arrangement and also need to innovate the development mechanism.Based on the plight of the elderly living in extreme poverty in rural areas under the background of aging,this paper takes the elderly living in extreme poverty in rural Y County as the research object,summarizes the problems and needs of the elderly living in extreme poverty in rural areas through literature review,policy sorting and field research,and takes Y County to carry out a specific case of social service mode for the elderly living in extreme poverty.This paper explores the government’s responsibilities poverty in rural areas,and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of old-age service for the elderly with extreme poverty in underdeveloped areas under the background of aging.Through the use of structured interview,questionnaire survey,participatory observation and other research methods.First of all,the questionnaire project was scientifically set up,and the characteristics of the elderly in extreme poverty in rural areas were mainly counted,including demographic characteristics,economic characteristics and social characteristics.At the same time,based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory,the elderly in extreme poverty in rural areas,civil affairs and pension service personnel,project leaders and town and village staff(about 30 people)were selected to obtain first-hand data through semi-structured interviews.Summarize and analyze the old-age needs of the poor elderly in rural areas.Through participatory observation,join the third-party service team to participate in the service,and analyze its construction background,development stage,operation mechanism,existing problems and causes.This paper uses the theoretical paradigms of collaborative governance theory,demand hierarchy theory,and public goods theory,takes the social support theory and public goods theory as the analytical framework,and combines the literature and field research analysis to summarize the causes behind the problem of decentralized support for the poor elderly.This paper analyzes and studies the dilemma and influencing factors of the socialized service for the rural elderly care of the poor in Y County,optimizes and improves the rural decentralized support and elderly care model in Y County,and perfects the countermeasures from the economic dimension,social dimension,policy dimension and legal dimension,so as to build a systematic,diversified and perfect social pension security system for the rural poor elderly.