Research On Countermeasures To Improve China’s Postal Universal Service Guarantee Mechanism

Universal postal service is an important guarantee for the basic communication rights of all citizens in China,and it is the legal obligation,fundamental and glorious mission of the postal industry.Since the founding of China,from the beginning of "supporting postal service by electricity",to the subsequent "supporting postal service by storage"and "direct subsidy",and then to gradually improve the "Postal Law"legislative protection,our government has developed a series of protection mechanisms,from multi-layer to undertake the universal service of China Post to subsidize,always committed to protect the postal service.The government has formulated a series of guarantee mechanisms to subsidize China Post,which is responsible for universal service,from multiple layers,and has always been committed to ensuring the healthy operation of universal postal service.This paper adopts the methods of system analysis,questionnaire and field interview to investigate and analyze the actual situation of universal service in Haidian Postal Branch,and through the collation and analysis of specific data,it is found that at this stage,universal service is still a business with large cost investment and small enterprise income,which brings heavy burden to enterprises,and the effect of China’s current universal service guarantee mechanism is not obvious.In view of this,how to combine the actual situation in China,under the existing market environment,improve and perfect China’s universal service guarantee mechanism,so that enterprises undertaking universal service can obtain sufficient revenue,improve the enthusiasm,so as to better improve the quality of universal service and meet the communication needs of the general public is of great significance.This paper argues that the market-based mechanism should be combined with secondary subsidies and the postal franchise should be gradually abolished in order to promote the independent development momentum of postal universal service and finally realize the independent and healthy development of postal universal service.Firstly,we should explore the gradual abolition of the franchise,so that enterprises with certain standards can participate in providing universal postal services and establish a market-oriented competition mechanism for universal postal services;secondly,we should establish a compensation mechanism for the postal industry peer fund to compensate enterprises that have obtained universal service rights in the market-oriented competition,so as to improve the revenue and stimulate their enthusiasm;thirdly,we should establish a universal postal service sharing mechanism to achieve a certain degree of basic resource sharing among enterprises and further reduce the cost of universal service;finally,to establish a compensation mechanism for innovative business to encourage postal enterprises to innovate and develop,obtain new income channels and reduce the pressure of universal service.These four countermeasures have different perspectives and provide ideas from various aspects to improve China’s universal service guarantee mechanism,which can be integrated with each other to complement each other and provide a reference for building a more mature universal service guarantee system.