The Influence Of Urban Basic Public Services On The New Generation Of Migrant Workers’ Willingness To Settle Down

From the late 1970 s to the early 1980 s,a large number of farmers flooded into cities.As an important part of migrant workers,the new generation of migrant workers are an important engine to promote the construction and development of new urbanization.However,due to the influence of household registration system and social integration and other factors,the new generation of migrant workers have been out of the city for a long time,which leads to the "semi-urbanization" of our country.Therefore,improving the new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to settle down is undoubtedly of great significance for improving China’s urbanization level and promoting the interests and well-being of the largest labor group.On the basis of combing the relevant theories and domestic and foreign literatures,this paper selects the basic public services and the measurement indicators that influence the new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to settle down.Firstly,through zero model analysis,it judges whether the dependent variables of this paper have enough variation among cities.In other words,the basic public service indicators of four cities can be added into the model to test the impact of these indicators on the new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to settle down only when there are significant differences among cities in their willingness to settle down.Secondly,through the basic public service level of the city and the individual characteristics of the new generation of migrant workers,the hypothesis test is made on the settlement intention of the new generation of migrant workers,and the moderating effect test and robustness test are used to confirm the robustness of the results.Finally,because the housing security factors in urban public services have the greatest impact on the new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to settle down,the contrast is 1.65.Therefore,based on the perspective of housing security,the impact of affordable housing on the new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to settle down is further studied.Through empirical research,this paper draws the following conclusions:(1)The new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to settle down is influenced by both individual characteristics and urban public services,among which the housing security factor has the greatest influence on the new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to stay in the city,and its contrast ratio is 1.65(that is,for every unit of housing security level increase,the new generation of migrant workers who choose to stay in the city are 1.65 times that who don’t).(2)Through the adjustment effect test,it is found that the level of urban basic public services will adjust the influence of the individual characteristics of the new generation of migrant workers on their willingness to settle down.The level of compulsory education can enhance the positive effect of academic qualifications and floating time on the willingness to settle down;Health care level can enhance the positive effect of expenditure level and health records on settlement intention;Employment security level can enhance the positive effect of floating time,expenditure level,average monthly income and health records on the new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to settle down;(3)From the perspective of housing security,further research on the impact of affordable housing on the settlement intention of the new generation of migrant workers shows that affordable housing significantly improves the settlement intention of the new generation of migrant workers,and PSM test confirms the robustness of the regression results.Based on the above analysis,this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions:(1)lowering the educational threshold for the children of migrant workers and promoting the fairness of compulsory education;(2)Improving the level of medical and health security provides a solid guarantee for speeding up the urbanization process;(3)Improve the social security mechanism;(4)Strengthen the vocational skills training of the new generation of migrant workers and improve their ability to stay in the city;(5)Improve the housing security system,expand the housing security channels for migrant workers,add the housing problems of migrant workers to the housing development plan,promote the construction of affordable housing,such as low-rent housing,public rental housing,granting housing subsidies and preferential loans for decoration and other policies to alleviate the housing problems of migrant workers.