Study On The Settlement Intention Of Migrant Workers

Urbanization is the necessary way to modernization and the objective trend of the development of human society.Since the new urbanization strategy of China was formally put forward,governments at all levels have built the town with human centered goals as the development goal,and issued targeted policies one after another,promoting equalization of basic public services,reforming local registered residence system and improving urban governance level,so as to promote the transfer of agriculture to urban areas and tap the potential of urban domestic demand.Due to the long-standing urban-rural dual economic system,China’s rural-urban migration of labor presents a unique Chinese path.Although a large number of migrant workers have made great contributions to the development and construction of cities and towns,they are difficult to enjoy the same social security and public services as urban residents.In addition,with the increase of rural land value and the improvement of infrastructure in recent years,the phenomenon of migrant workers returning home is becoming more and more prominent.Therefore,in order to promote the new urbanization strategy and attract more agricultural migrants to settle in cities and towns,how to improve the migrant workers’ willingness to settle in cities and towns has become the focus of social attention.This paper uses the data collected from a questionnaire survey of 3234 migrant workers in Anhui Province in 2019,and divides their settlements into five categories according to the answers of migrant workers: home village,home town,home county,current working place and other cities in the province.Using descriptive statistical analysis and Mlogit model,this paper explores the factors influencing migrant workers’ urban settlement willingness and settlement choice.Taking the way of children care of migrant workers as the core explanatory variable,this paper analyzes the impact of four ways of children care on migrant workers’ willingness to settle down and choice of settlement.Through systematic analysis,the main conclusions are as follows:One is that parents(parents in law)taking care of their children and migrant workers themselves taking care of their children can significantly improve migrant workers’ willingness to settle in cities and towns.The former has a significant positive impact on their willingness to settle in their home towns,county towns,working places and other cities in the Province,while the latter can significantly improve their willingness to settle in working places.The migrant workers who choose to take care of their children by brothers and sisters and let their children live in boarding schools will significantly reduce their willingness to settle down in cities and towns.Migrant workers who choose to take care of their children by brothers and sisters are more likely to return to live in rural areas.Second,migrant workers’ personal characteristics,identity characteristics,family characteristics,work characteristics and workplace integration status also have significant impact on migrant workers’ intention to settle down in urban areas.In terms of personal characteristics,female migrant workers,unmarried migrant workers and migrant workers with higher education level all have stronger willingness to settle down in cities and towns;in terms of identity cognition,migrant workers who think they are rural residents are more likely to return to live in rural areas;in terms of family characteristics,migrant workers who are going to take their children to receive urban education prefer to settle down in the current working place,migrant workers with only one spouse in their family going out for work are more willing to return to live in rural areas;in terms of working characteristics,migrant workers with longer working years and experience in changing jobs are more willing to settle in cities and towns;in terms of workplace integration status,migrant workers with friends in the working place tend to settle in the local area,while migrant workers seeking help from the government in case of problems tend to settle in their hometown counties.Finally,On the basis of the above conclusions,this study draws the following policy implications: First,the government should further improve social services to reduce the pressure on the children care of migrant workers;The second is to provide emotional care for migrant workers’ parents to solve their pension problems;Third,we should continue to deepen the reform of the household registration system,so that migrant workers’ willingness to settle down can be transformed into settlement behavior.