The Thought Of "Free Individuality" In Economic Manuscripts Of 1857-1858 And Its Contemporary Significance

The Economic Manuscripts of 1857-1858(hereinafter referred to as the Manuscripts),clearly put forward that "free individuality" is the ideal form of human development,and discussed the three-stage theory of the development of human "free individuality",marking the maturity of Marx’s "free personality" thought.Returning to this important text of Marx,interpreting his "free individuality" thought,and seeking theoretical guidance,spiritual nutrition,and ideological support for the current socialist modernization construction in China,it is both the need for theoretical construction and the reality of the situation.This paper adopts the research methods of textual research,the integration of theory with practice,and the unification of history and logic,deeply analyzes Marx’s exposition on the idea of "free individuality" in the Manuscript,grasps the main content of the "free individuality" thought in the core text Manuscript,takes Marx’s idea of unifying ultimate care and practical concern,and his prospect for the future "free individuality" as the theoretical orientation,and reflects on its enlightenment significance to contemporary practice.This article considers the idea of "free individuality" in the Manuscript from the following sections:First,it analyzes the generation and construction of Marx’s idea of "free individuality".The first is to examine the historical generation of "free individuality" thought,including the interpretation of the connotation of "free individuality" from four dimensions,the formation process of Marx’s "free individuality" thought from the main text,and the discussion of its historical status,thus forming a basic understanding of "free individuality" thought.On this basis,the content of Marx’s three-stage theory of "free individuality" thought on man in the Manuscript is analyzed and discussed,and it is pointed out that Marx’s construction of the development of man’s "free individuality",the "primitive personality" based on human dependence is the embryonic stage,the "onesided personality" based on the dependence relationship of things is the stage of development,and the "free individuality" based on the comprehensive development of man is the ideal stage.Second,it analyzes the transcendence and obstacles to the development of man’s "free individuality" in the Manuscript.Marx’s "free individuality" development of man has transcendence,which is manifested in four aspects: human subjectivity,human social relations,freedom of personal development,and human ability,and this transcendence of Marx’s development of man has pointed out the direction for the development of all mankind.However,the capitalist society in which Marx lived faced many difficulties in developing in this direction,including the unequal distribution of products by capital appropriation,the control of capital depriving people of free time,the social division of labor restricting the development space of relations,and the difficulty of capitalism to release the potential of individuality,hindering the realization of man’s "free individuality".Third,it expounds on Marx’s exploration of the conditions and possible schemes for realizing man’s "free individuality" in the Manuscript.Mainly from the four aspects of need,social relations,free time,and personal ability,the conditions for realizing the development goal of "free individuality" of people based on the law of social development are discussed,and several major programs that Marx focused on exploring the realization of "free individuality",including the realization of a high degree of development of productive forces,the construction of a real community,the conservation of labor resources,the support of science and technology,and the elimination of compulsory division of labor in society,thus providing a reference for promoting the development of people’s "free individuality" from ideal to reality.Fourth,it explores the contemporary significance of the idea of man’s "free individuality" in the Manuscript.Theoretically,Marx’s idea of "free individuality" in the Manuscript constitutes an important part of the study of the materialist view of history,critically transcends the traditional Western idea of personality,and establishes the highest value goal of Marx’s personality thought.The practical value lies in the in-depth study of the "free individuality" thought in Marx’s Manuscript in combination with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in to clarify the new era significance of Marx’s "free individuality" thought in Marx’s Manuscript,to combine the "free individuality" thought with Chinese practice with a new vision,and to point out the direction for the development of people in the current creation of a better life.