A Study On The Usage Of "ZIJI" And Related Teaching Problems

The word "ziji" has some special features in modern Chinese,including the grammatical characteristics of multiple lexical categories,flexible syntactic positions,rich meanings and various functions.These characteristics are the reasons why it plays an important role in the study of Chinese language and Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language.Based on language facts,this paper adopts a mixed research method and an error analysis method to study Chinese language usage and errors of "ziji" by foreign students.This paper aims to provide reference for the supplement of dictionary meanings and the teaching of the word "ziji".This paper is divided into the following five parts: Chapter 1 introduces the origin,significance,and methodology of this study,and sums up the main findings on the word "ziji" in the current research field.Chapter 2 summarizes the usage of "ziji" in modern Chinese,including the lexical category,the lexical meaning,the syntactic position,and the pragmatic function.Chapter 3 investigates the errors made by foreign students,and analyzes the causes of the errors,together with the analysis of relevant linguistic knowledge and the textbooks for Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language.Based on the causes of the errors analyzed and the findings of the textbook investigation,Chapter 4 proposes some targeted teaching suggestions and the editing suggestions for teaching materials.Chapter 5 summarizes the findings and the shortcomings of this paper.The main conclusion of this thesis is as follows.First,the findings of the ontological study include four aspects:(1)In terms of parts of speech,"ziji" is a pronoun and an adjective,We also find that it can grammatically function as an adverb.(2)In terms of lexical meaning,we add five new meanings,including "Referring to the speaker","Cataphora","Being different from others","For one person only",and "Identifying the owner or belong to the category".then we consolidate the findings in dictionaries and treatises,finally we form a lexical category and meaning system of "ziji".(3)In terms of syntax,we count and analyze the number and frequency of the word in different syntactic positions,and it is found that "ziji" is most frequently used as an attribute.(4)Pragmatically,it is concluded that "ziji" has the functions of Evidentiality,Emotion-ability,Empathy and Dempathy,and clarifying the identity of the head and distinguishing it from others.Secondly,the findings of the relevant teaching research include three aspects:error situation,error causes,and relevant suggestions:(1)In terms of error situation,misuse is the most common type of error,followed by miswriting.(2)There are four main causes of errors: negative transfer of native language,over-generalization,incomplete grasp of pragmatic conditions,and the shortcomings of teaching materials in terms of knowledge explanation,designing exercise,the approach to other easily mistaken words,and the teaching of Chinese characters.(3)The suggestions include teaching suggestions and editing recommendations of teaching materials.The four teaching suggestions are as follows: We must pay attention to the ontological study of "ziji",teach "ziji" in the context and help students practice frequently,take advantage of Comparative Teaching,and treat the errors correctly.The following three suggestions are made for the editing of the teaching materials: 额、enhance the knowledge supply of "ziji",optimize the analysis of other easily mistaken words,and carefully design extended materials.Finally,the study of the word "self" not only promotes the further underst anding of the word in theory,but also provides reference for the targeted teach ing and textbook compilation of the word in practice.