| Hand behavior morphemes refer to morphemes whose basic meaning is hand movement.This kind of morpheme can be independently formed into words,but also has the characteristics of high word formation and rich meaning,which is the difficulty of teaching Chinese vocabulary as a foreign language.Based on the Modern Chinese Dictionary(7th edition)and the International Chinese Proficiency Standards for Chinese Language Education,this paper studies the high-frequency hand behavior morpheme "hitting,pointing,lifting,supporting,taking,receiving,throwing,pushing,hanging,sweeping,picking,carrying" and its associated words in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.The details are as follows:The first part,based on the words containing target morphemes,examines the meanings and meaning relationships of hand behavior morphemes,and conducts corresponding teaching research.The conclusions are as follows: First,the meanings of high-frequency hand behavior morphemes are numerous and the relationships are complex;Second,there is a correlation between the polysemes,and sorting out the extension relations and other relations of polysemes is helpful for teaching from the perspective of morpheme.The second part studies the grammatical patterns of the words formed by high-frequency hand behavior morphemes.In the different grammatical patterns of associative type,verb-object type,partial positive type and complementary type,there are obvious differences in the manifestation of morpheme meaning,the degree of vagueness and the grammatical function of morpheme.This paper studies the teaching of vocabulary as a foreign language from the perspective of morpheme by using the structural rules of grammatical patterns.In the third part,according to the relationship between morpheme meaning and word meaning,the words formed by morpheme can be divided into transparent words,translucent words and opaque words.Transparent compound words are more suitable for morpheme teaching.Translucent and opaque words are more suitable for contextual teaching.In the fourth part,based on the ontological investigation and teaching research of high-frequency hand behavior morphemes and the words they form,the author discusses the teaching method of hand behavior morphemes,semantic field teaching method and context teaching method from the two aspects of student acquisition and teaching methods,and thinks about the relevant teaching principles. |
