A Study On The Reasons For The Impoverishment Of Albatu In Sunite Two Banners In The Early Qing Dynasty

Early Qing Dynasty was the peak of the formation,consolidation and development of the great unified multi-ethnic state of the Qing Dynasty.At this time,the Qing Dynasty was strong,its territory was expanded,its society was stable,its economy was developing rapidly,and its population was growing rapidly.The Qing Dynasty unified the Mongolian tribes after more than a hundred years,objectively ending the land and population disputes between Mongolian feudal lords of all sizes since the Northern Yuan Dynasty and creating a long period of peaceful and stable social environment,which created favorable conditions for the accumulation and development of culture.But behind the peaceful and stable situation lies the fact that the Mongolian population Living in poverty.Reading through the " early Qing Dynasty Fan Academy of Manchu and Mongolian Question book" "Office of Military Secrets Recorded Memorials" and various Manchu Mongolian Chinese language archives materials,will find that during this period,there were frequent cases of livestock theft due to poverty in many leagues and banners,as well as the phenomenon of a large population struggling to make a living.Taking Sunit Two Banner,which has a particularly high number of cases,as an example attempt to explore the aforementioned social issues.Therefore,on the basis of consulting the "Early Qing Dynasty Fan Academy of Manchu and Mongolian Question book" "Compilation of Historical Archives of Sunit Left Banner" and related literature,Focusing on the issue of the impoverishment of Albatu in the early Qing Dynasty sunite two banners,this article discusses its historical background,specific manifestations,and causes.The main content of this paper consists of the following three parts:The first chapter states the historical background of the problem of Albatu’s impoverishment in the Sunite Two Banners during the early Qing Dynasty,and sorts out the administrative system and social structure of these two Banners from political,economic,cultural,and other aspects.Chapter two,By interpreting and analyzing the confession confessed in the theft case of the Sunite Two Banners in the Qing Dynasty,Strive to present the impoverished performance of these two banners in detail.According to archives and literature,in fact,the bottom tier of society,the Alabatu class,is generally impoverished,and even the Taiji and lower ranking lamas belonging to the aristocratic class are widely impoverished,It can be seen that the problem of impoverishment is widely spreading among the ordinary population in Sunite society from bottom to top.Chapter three,Through careful analysis and comprehensive judgment of multilingual literature materials such as Manchu,Mongolian,and Chinese,believed that the spread of impoverishment is closely related to comprehensive factors such as the continuous increase in the burden of taxation in Alabatu,the weakening of the ability of the nomadic industry to respond to external changes,the surge in the population detached from social production and the reduction of the working population,and the transformation of commodity trading forms.The League Banner system and its closely related economic,religious,and cultural policies ended the disputes between feudal lords in Mongolia,brought about a long-term peaceful and stable living environment,and deeply changed the original economic structure and social relations of the Sunite Two Banners,The distribution of wealth has undergone historic changes,with the widening gap between the rich and the poor,giving rise to a large number of impoverished and impoverished Alabatu,resulting in frequent theft cases.