A Study On The Change Of American Dietary Consumption In The Late 19^th And Early 20^th Centuries

At the end of the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century,the American economy developed rapidly,and all aspects of social life changed accordingly.The urban population increased substantially in the late 19 th and early20 th centuries,and by 1920 nearly half of the Americans were urban residents.Technological innovation and the development of food industrialization provide diverse and convenient food channels for American urban residents.This period is an important moment for the modernization of food consumption in the United States.This paper mainly studies the changes of dietary consumption in this period,and discusses the main causes of the changes of dietary consumption and the influence of the United States.This paper is divided into three chapters to discuss the changes of American food consumption in this period.Chapter 1 details the trends of American dietary consumption in the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries.Firstly,the change of diet supply channel is studied from three aspects of staple food,non-staple food and drink.Consumers buy bread,such as bread,from bakery,commercial baked bread gradually replaces home baked bread;discuss changes in grocery stores,deli stores,public markets,and cart vendors;consumers mainly buy alcoholic drinks from bars,and the milk supply of dairy farms changes over time;these changes in channels of food and beverage supply can indicate the trend of diversification and facilitation during this period.Secondly,due to the differences in wage income,class and ethnic group,different groups also have their own dietary consumption changes.The working class is limited by the conditions of living space and cooking environment,choose to buy lunch outside or ready-to-eat food to reduce the time of cooking work;the middle class housewives choose to cook food because of the shortage of servants,and so as to pay more attention to the safety and quality of food,and learn the diet through various magazine data;"new immigrants" are affected by the official food supply,the American characteristic food consumption and the immigrants own unique eating habits influence each other.From the above analysis,we can see the modernization of diet consumption in the United States and the "melting pot" role of the United States on immigrants.Chapter 2 analyzes the main reasons for the change of American diet consumption in the late 19 th century and early 20 th century.The first reason for the change in diet consumption is firstly the development of science and technology and industrialization.The improvement of transportation makes the food in the market,refrigerated truck technology innovation makes meat prices fell sharply,continuous production mode makes grain and canned food mass production become a reality,prices also fell because the production,the last canned food preservation technology makes the influence of diet consumption season.Secondly,social reformers and scientists,who are committed to changing the bad eating habits of the middle and lower classes of society,organize and participate in social activities,and some people have new dietary consumption behaviors under their influence.Finally,large food companies use new technology to occupy the national market,the same brand of processed food appeared in ordinary American households;large food manufacturers also use unique marketing methods to promote new food,among which Heinz’s unique brand creation strategy is more classic.The third chapter mainly discusses the influence of diet consumption in the late19 th century and early 20 th century.The first is to promote the development of urban commercial economy.The number of consumers buying canned food has increased significantly,and the increase in market demand has expanded enterprise production.Secondly,the migration of the catering industry,which is the main customer of the restaurant,on the other hand,the "new immigrants",promotes the development of the catering industry,which is a new development model with American characteristics.Finally,the change in diet consumption has an impact on the American food culture.Social reformers saw the power behind the change in diet consumption and believed that this could change the face of American society by conveying the idea of food to more people;the idea of building a public kitchen was put forward and practiced;and the elite suggested that diet consumption can determine the fate of a country and a nation.The presence of various cooking schools and cookery books on the market drove the development of American diet culture.Finally,there is the concluding part.The power of industrialization and urbanization in changing the ordinary American family diet consumption,diversification and facilitation of food supply channels to consumers more purchase options,large food manufacturers using new technology to expand production,scientific and healthy diet concept also began to spread,the U.S.government law to strengthen the regulation of the food market.In the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries,American diet consumption was gradually modernized.