| Nowadays,with the rapid development of science and technology and the increasingly connected world,the concept of "smart technology" comes into existence.A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is in full swing.As an important driving force,the role of intelligent technology in human production and life cannot be underestimated.Digitization is growing at a very high speed.Therefore,in the context of globalization,scientific and technological English is particularly important,which has aroused worldwide attention to the translation of scientific texts.This translation material selected in this article includes two chapters from the book Intelligent Technology: Scope and Applications.The Indo-German Advanced Research Partnership(INGPAR),established by the German Academic Exchange Centre(DAAD)and the University Grants Council(UGC)of India,has been working together since 2016.The book Smart Technologies: Scope and Applications came out in 2020,and has been published for use by the international scientific community.The topic of this book is related to "intelligent technology",which is a hot one in the world at present.Translating it into Chinese for Chinese readers to read and learn is helpful for them to understand the current world’s cutting-edge technology and specific applications.Also,it helps us to learn the core technology.What’s more,it further improves and enhances the quality of production and life of human beings.In conclusion,it is highly valuable for translating.From the perspective of the text type,this book belongs to the text of science and technology which attaches great importance to the transmission of information and the expression of meaning.It is the ivmeaning,not the form that this kind of translation emphasizes.The scientific English text is characterized by a wide range of scientific and technical terms,a high probability of subjunctive mood,imperative sentence and passive sentence,a large number of non-finite nouns,verbal and prepositional phrases,and numerous long and difficult sentences.In the process of English-Chinese translation,overemphasizing on formal equivalence is likely to misinterpret the original meaning.In the process of translation,due to the particularity of scientific texts,the author has encountered many obstacles in translating them.Through careful analysis and summary,the author has found the common points of difficulties in translation,such as the translation of nominalized structure,passive sentence structure and long and difficult sentences in scientific texts.Translation practice should be carried out under the guidance of certain theories.Therefore,by comparing various translation theories,the author finds that Catford’s category shifts theory emphasizes translation from the linguistic form and structure.It is of great guiding significance to solve the translation difficulties in scientific and texts that transformation should be carried out appropriately rather than demanding form equivalence and one-to-one correspondence.Structure shifts are the adjustment of sentence order in grammatical structure.Word class shifts are the modulation of part of speech.Unit shifts occur at different levels of the language.Specifically,structure shifts include active or passive voice conversion,prepositive and postpositive attributive conversion,affirmative and negative conversion,and impersonal subject to personal subject conversion;word class shifts are to convert English nouns,adjectives and prepositions into Chinese verbs;unit shifts are to translate a component of an English sentence into a Chinese clause,or to divide a long English sentence into a group of Chinese sentences.This translation practice focuses on the guidance and application of Cartford’s category shifts theory in scientific texts.On the basis of the equivalence of meaning,translation must excavate the original meaning of the text,discard the formal shell,and seek flexibility.Through practice,it is proved that Catford’s category shifts theory can guide the translation of scientific texts well,and has a strong practicability and operability. |
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