A Study On The Aspect System Of Gaolan Dialect

Gaolan County is located in the middle of Gansu Province and the northeast of Lanzhou City.According to the Atlas of Chinese Language(2012),its dialect belongs to the Jincheng section of Lanyin Mandarin.On the basis of field investigation,this paper takes the aspect category of Gaolan dialect as the research object,and based on a large number of corpus facts and the research results of the sages,makes a thorough and detailed investigation and study of the aspect category of Gaolan dialect,and then sorts out the aspect system of Gaolan dialect.Gaolan dialect has a complete aspects system.The “ti(体)” system includes seven types: the perfect aspect,the experience aspect,the initial aspect,the progressive aspect,the continuous aspect,the continuous aspect and the antecedent aspect.The “mao(貌)”system includes three types: short-term appearance,trial appearance and casual appearance.This paper focuses on the description and analysis of the grammatical meaning and sentence type distribution of each aspect.In the process of research,we focus on the exploration and description of aspects marks that represent the grammatical meaning of aspects under the aspect system.The markers of“ti(体)”include:“了、上、下、掉;过、下;开、脱;哩、着;着、的、上、下、住;下去;着”.The markers of“mao(貌)”include:“一、一下、喀;看;打”.This paper describes in detail the grammatical meaning,function and distribution of each markers.A horizontal comparison is made between the markers of Gaolan dialect and Putonghua.At the same time,it discusses the grammaticalization process and the degree of grammaticalization of partial markers.In addition,we also systematically investigated the relationship between markers,and found that in Gaolan dialect,the same aspect system can have multiple markers,the same marker can also express multiple aspect meanings,and the markers can also overlap to express aspect meanings.Finally,from different perspectives like grammatical meaning,grammatical structure,grammatical function,pronunciation and use to reveals the characteristics of Gaolan dialect’s aspect system.In terms of meaning,most of the aspect markers are derived from the grammaticalization of content words,with varying degrees of grammaticalization;Structurally,aspect marks are adhesive and cannot be used alone;Functionally,not all aspect marks are dedicated,and there is not a one-to-one correspondence between them and the meaning of aspect;Phonetics,aspect marks have weakened and merged;In use,some aspect marks can be superimposed to express the meaning of aspect.