| In the history of the development of Marxist philosophy,we can only grasp the overall development of Marxist philosophy by studying the thoughts of Marx during his youth.Before that,when we studied the ideological transformation of Marx,we often focused on Young Hegelians such as Hegel and Feuerbach,while other scholars who had a positive impact on the ideological development of Marx’s youth were forgotten.As the father of German socialism,Moses Hess(1812-1875)played an important leading role in the development of young Marx’s thought.Because the Hess theory has played a positive role in promoting the shift towards alienation economics and the formation of communist ideology.Therefore,this paper attempts to take the development of young Marx’s ideology as the main thread,and explain "Young Marx’s sublation of Hess’ ideology" from the following four chapters.The first chapter discusses the ideological and academic transformation of young Marx,discusses how Marx moved from the Young Hegelians school’s speculative idealism to materialism,and then studies political economy,analyzes bourgeois society from the perspective of labor alienation,and elucidates the theory of communism.The second chapter analyzes the sublation of Hess’ economic alienation thought by young Marx.Marx absorbed the economic thought of Hess’ alienation view,but because Hess established human alienation on the basis of private ownership and emphasized the abolition of private ownership through educational reform,based on the analysis of alienation labor,Marx exposed the roots of capitalist private ownership and surpassed Hess from the perspective of completely revolutionary elimination of private ownership.The third chapter elaborates on the sublation of Hess’ philosophy of action by young Marx.Marx absorbed Hess’ "action practice",and since Hess’ understanding of action was an abstract action that only remained at the theoretical and humanistic levels,Marx criticized it,recognizing the crucial role of production practice,forming a revolutionary and critical view of practice,thereby promoting Marx’s shift in practical philosophy,And transcended its philosophy of action.Chapter 4 discusses the sublation of Hess’ communist ideology by young Marx.Young Marx absorbed Hess’ concepts of "socialism" and "communism" as well as philosophical communist ideology.Marx criticized Hess for neglecting the important power of the proletariat and striving to achieve communism through social education and reform.Marx surpassed Hess in terms of the main force and means of achieving communism.Hess’ thought has enriched and expanded young Marx’s thought to a certain extent.Therefore,combing the evolution of Marx’s thought in his youth,exploring the connection between young Marx and Hess’ thoughts,has promoted the successful combination of Marxist philosophy and economics,laid a solid foundation for Marx’s creation of historical materialism,and to a large extent,promoted the development and improvement of Marxist philosophy system,It has very important academic value. |
