Research On The Communication Of Historical Materialism In The Chinese Ideological Debate In The 1920s And 1930s

In the twenties and thirties of the 20th century,the crisis of Chinese society in politics,diplomacy,economy and society intensified,and the Chinese society fell into the most chaotic and dark period.Compared with the social and political difficulties,the ideological and cultural situation showed a positive trend of "a hundred schools of thought contending",seeking a way to realize China’s independence,prosperity,democracy and freedom.Among them,the introduction of Marxism and its development in China,the establishment of the CPC after the May Fourth Movement,Becoming a new force among various national salvation ideologies and forces.During this period,revolutionaries and intellectuals had to face the "ancient,modern,Chinese,and Western" debate in the field of ideology and culture in their pursuit of national salvation.Starting from different positions and perspectives on this issue,they generally formed liberal,conservative,and Maxist ideological factions.Around the resolution of the above themes,six influential ideological debates were initiated during this period,and the sinicization of Marxism as a history of thought was specifically disseminated through such debates.The themes of these six major ideological debates are: the debate between problems and doctrines,discussing how to transform China and what theories should be used as guidance;The socialist debate revolves around such issues as whether China should take the capitalist road or the socialist road,and whether it should establish a dictatorship of the proletariat party;The essence of the anarchism debate is the exploration of China’s modernization path;The core of the war theory of science and metaphysics is whether science can solve the problem of outlook on life,and whether in essence it recognizes the objective laws in the field of social history;The core of the cultural debate between China and the West lies in the differences between Eastern and Western cultures,the strengths and weaknesses of the two,and the issue of cultural outlet;The essence of the debate between historical materialism and idealistic conception of history is whether to adopt the guidance of Marxism,especially historical materialism,to China’s development path.In these six ideological debates,the relevant views of historical materialism were introduced and introduced to varying degrees,and were specifically disseminated.The "output" communication mainly examines the participation and role of historical materialism in various debates.In the dispute between issues and doctrines,the socialist debate,the anarchism debate,we mainly participated in it from the perspective of the guiding significance of Marxism,the theory of class struggle,the theory of dictatorship of the proletariat,and the socialist road.Through the debate,we spread revolutionary ideas,publicized the theory of class struggle and dictatorship of the proletariat,and advocated the socialist road of China’s modernization;In the debate on science and metaphysics and the debate on Chinese and Western culture,he criticized the subjective will theory in historical materialism,and promoted the concept of democracy and science to penetrate the hearts of the people;In the debate between historical materialism and idealistic historical view,we participated in the debate from the issues of historical materialism interpretation of social internal dynamics and adherence to class struggle,systematically spread historical materialism,and promoted the understanding of class struggle.The "feedback" communication mainly examines the extent to which the views of revolution,class struggle and dictatorship of the proletariat,social existence and social consciousness,historical materialism and idealistic conception of history,which were mainly involved in the debate,were used,criticized and accepted by all parties.Through the above investigation,it is found that,on the one hand,the representatives of all factions participating in the debate had a great influence at that time,which objectively promoted and expanded the spread of Marxism and historical materialism;on the other hand,the historical materialism spread in the debate was one-sided due to the limitation of the theme of the debate,and also affected the continuity of the spread due to the start and end of the debate,There is also a phenomenon that the criticism and distortion of opponents affect the correct dissemination of historical materialism and Marxism.After six debates,historical materialism and Marxism were widely spread,the revolutionary ideas of advanced intellectuals and the broad working class were awakened,Marxism began to be applied to China’s specific practice,the CPC led the workers to actively carry out various forms of revolutionary movements such as strikes,and the Chinese revolution began to embark on the new process of the New Democracy revolution led by the CPC.