Research On International Education In American Universities During The Cold War(1945-1968)

International education has become an important direction and trend in the development of global education,and more and more countries and organisations have made international education a key element of their educational development and cultural exchange,and have given it strong support and promotion.During the Cold War,the United States has been committed to the development of international education,and in the process has formed a complete international education policy and system,in which American universities are important partners of the US government in promoting international education policy,with multiple responsibilities such as promoting world understanding and serving national interests,and have played a pivotal role in the process of developing international education.International education at US universities was heavily influenced by national policies during the Cold War,and universities also greatly influenced the development of international education in the US.Previous research on international education at American universities has focused on the internationalisation of higher education at American universities,with a focus on the ’internal’ perspective of universities,but has not analysed the external factors that drove international education at American universities during the Cold War.This article draws on original archives and reports from the US State Department and the Department of Education to analyse the underlying reasons for international education at US universities,based on the history of the development of international education theory and practice in the US,and by examining the specific projects and implementation of international education at US universities.This study uses literature research,historical research,comparative research,and case study methods to analyze and explore the development of American universities and international education during the Cold War period.The specific content is as follows:The first part of the main text is the introduction,which includes the research background,main research questions,core concepts,a review of relevant domestic and foreign literature,the significance of the research,and the research methods used in this study.The second part of the main text is the stage of revival of international education in American universities.It analyses the gradual replacement of isolationism by liberal internationalism as the basic principle of American dealings in the post-war period,and the gradual emergence of international education as an important means of constructing an ideal international environment in the United States.As an important platform for international education,American universities assumed new responsibilities after the war and entered a whole new phase of international education development.The third part of the main text is the development of international education in US universities in the context of the Cold War(1945-1953).This part mainly analyses the US international education policy during this period and explores the development of international education programmes in US universities during this period.In addition,under the Cold War consensus,American universities and the government agreed on national interests,and international education became an important way for American universities to safeguard national interests during the Cold War period,and the US also gradually developed a trinity of university-government-foundation model for the development of international education.The fourth part of the main text is devoted to the period of rapid development of international education in US universities(1954-1960).It identifies the depth of cooperation between the US government and US universities in international education during this period,and explores the policies of US international education during this period and the rapid development of international education programmes in US universities,particularly area studies and foreign language study,supported by the Act,through an introduction to the key act,the National Defense Education Act.The fifth section of the main text,The Golden Age of International Education in American Universities(1961-1968),analyses the development of international education in the US during this period through the enactment of the Educational and Cultural Interchange Act and the International Education Act,as well as the formation of a comprehensive international education organisation.With the support of the Act and the operation of international education institutions,a golden age of international education was ushered in,with universities deepening their study abroad programmes for American students,enriching their international education curricula and attracting large numbers of international students to study in the US.The sixth part of the main text analyses the characteristics of the implementation of international education in American universities,namely that the fundamental source of motivation for international education in American universities is the national interest of the United States,and that the unique international education model of the Trinity has also become the main reason for the flourishing of international education in American universities.In addition,the development of international education in American universities has brought great political benefits to the United States and has trained a large number of relevant professionals,but there is a certain cultural narrowness to the development of international education in American universities.On the premise of grasping the characteristics of international education in American universities,the inspiration of international education in American universities for the development of international education in Chinese universities is explored.