Research On The Effect Diagnosis And Response Path Of Shrinking Cities In The Three Provinces Of Northeast China From The Perspective Of Intensive Land Use

After a period of rapid development,China’s urbanization has emerged a large number of shrinking cities with population loss and economic decline under the trend of globalization,industrialization and population aging.Shrinking cities not only face the problems of social and economic development caused by shrinkage,but also have the problems of being difficult to get rid of growth-oriented planning inertia,population reduction and urban land expansion,which bring great pressure to China’s new urbanization construction and high-quality development.The successive emergence of shrinkage has led to the discussion of shrinking cities in academic circles.Scholars pay more attention to the criteria,spatial distribution,influencing factors and planning governance of shrinking cities,pay more attention to the active elements in shrinking cities,and pay less attention to the land as the carrier of urban space.The research on a series of socio-economic effects and urban system changes caused by shrinkage needs to be further explored.As the Old Industrial Area of China,three provinces of Northeast China have the earliest industrialization process and the fastest urbanization rate in the second half of the20 th century.However,they have also become the regions with the earliest shrinkage phenomenon,the deepest shrinkage degree and the continuous strengthening of the evolution trend in China.They are deeply beset by the outflow of labor and talents,the economic downturn,and the stagnation of urban development.Among the development problems caused by shrinkage,the expansion of urban scope,abandonment of internal space buildings and the idleness of construction land reveal the issues surrounding land use.This issue has become the scientific problems that need to be solved in the new era to implement regional high-quality development,promote the coordinated development of large,medium and small towns,and solve the problem of northeast revitalization.Therefore,from the perspective of intensive land use,this thesis takes the three provinces of Northeast China as the research object.Takes 34 prefecture-level cities as the research unit.Establish an intensive land use evaluation index system to measure the level of urban land intensive use from 2010 to 2019,and uses comparative induction,spatial correlation analysis and other methods to analyze the shrinkage effects of intensive land use and its type,stage and spatial distribution characteristics of 15 shrinking cities.Then,based on the impact of shrinking cities on intensive land use and the construction of logical framework,the formation mechanism of shrinkage effects of intensive land use is analyzed from two aspects of input level and output level.Finally,according to different scales(macro,meso and micro)and shrinkage types,the response path of high-quality development of shrinking urban land use is discussed,and case analysis and suggestions are made in combination with three specific cities.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)There is a contraction effect of intensive land use in the shrinking cities of the three provinces in Northeast China.The contraction effect has the characteristics of stage and type development due to the differences in contraction stages and causes.There is a significant shrinkage effects in shrinking cities,and the level of intensive land use is "nonshrinking cities > shrinking cities".The development and change of the level of intensive land use in shrinking cities is consistent with the shrinking stage,which is manifested as "initial shrinkage > mid-term shrinkage > late shrinkage".The intensive level has typological characteristics due to the differences in the causes of shrinkage,which is characterized by "comprehensive-shrinking cities > resource-dependent shrinking cities >siphonic-shrinking cities > location-constrained shrinking cities".The spatial pattern of urban intensive land use is consistent with the distribution of shrinkage recognition,and the area of urban shrinkage recognition is consistent with the lowest level of intensive city.(2)The process and mechanism of shrinkage on the level of intensive land use: firstly,the outflow of various production factors in the shrinking cities brings about a decline in the level of input in the process of urban land use.With the long-term loss of factors and the in-depth evolution of the contraction stage,the urban socio-economic system which triggered by the "factor loss-effect coupling",so that the land output level is significantly affected.The shrinkage and the change of factor flow caused by it play a role in the level of urban intensive land use by fully participating in the land use process.The collection of this process and result is the shrinkage effect of urban intensive land use.(3)The problem of urban shrinkage in the three provinces of Northeast China should jump out from the limitation of "consider shrinkage as it stands".Grasp the contradiction between urban shrinkage and land use problems in the three provinces of Northeast China from a macro perspective,and regard the construction of a new development pattern of double circulation as an opportunity for Northeast China to get rid of the dilemma of shrinkage,and realize the transformation and development.In view of the land use problem of shrinking cities,we should consider the differences in urban development conditions and shrinking contexts.At the regional level(meso-scale),we should start from three aspects : transforming and improving the overall business environment,improving the regional urban system and integrated development path,and transforming and upgrading the kinetic energy of regional development.At the level of shrinking type,the response path of shrinking urban land use is designed in stages and types.At the individual level(micro-scale),the targeted scheme design is proposed after analyzing the shrinkage status and land use characteristics of Hegang,Heihe and Siping.Ultimately,a multiscale response to the shrinking effects of intensive land use is formed.