A Study On The Mind Of Wang Yangming And His Poetry In Jiangxi Period

Wang Yangming,as the great master of mind science in Ming Dynasty,his thought of mind science deeply shaped the literature of middle and late Ming Dynasty.The theory of mind changed the ideology of intellectuals in the middle and late Ming Dynasty,and the writers in Ming Dynasty who took the class of scholars as the main body of literary creation also had new changes.On the one hand,the boundary of identity was broken,the neo-Confucianists engaged in literary activities,and the literati participated in ideological activities.On the other hand,theybroke the boundaries of individuals,paid attention to the community.The wind of lecture and association prevailed.The Tang-Song schools,Gong’an schools,Jingling schools and other major literary schools in the middle and late Ming Dynasty were all influenced by the Wang Yangming’s post-scholars,and the thought of mind became the first source of the spirit literature.Therefore,the discussion center on the relationship between the mind and literature is an important perspective to explore the philosophy,literature and cultural activities of scholars and the literary features of the middle and late Ming Dynasty under their influence.Jiangxi period was the mature stage of Yangming’s mind theory.From the perspective of Wang Yangming’s personal history,the military career of the governor in Southern Jiangxi and the suppression of rebel vassals made him realize that "it is easy to break a thief in the mountain,but difficult to break a thief in the heart".Militaryand political were the practice of "knowledge of action",and Wang Yangming’s mind thought deeply influenced his view of war.Based on the "conscience" view of "knowing good and evil",he implemented benevolence and loyalty in the use of troops.Based on the methodology of "keeping good and eliminating evil",he took morality as the foundation and law as the key line in military governance.In the governance of the people,he attached great importance to the effect of education on custom.Psychology was the test of “knowledge and practice”.In the face of the gains and losses,he managed to be truly unmoved.The argumentation and lecture in Jiangxi period directly promoted the "theory of conscience".The development of Yangming mind-learning faced two challenges,one was the opposition of Cheng Zhu school,the other was the disagreement within the mind-learning.Wang Yangming responded to the question,expounded his point of view and perfected the theory of mind in the ideological confrontation with scholars.In the lecture with the students,he reformed the teaching method and indicated "conscience",which completed the stage summary of mind science and also marked the systematization of mind science theory.There is no doubt that the maturity of mind has influence on Wang Yangming’s literary thought and literary creation.In Jiangxi period,he had completely completed the transformation from writer to mind scholar,constructed a stable "mind literature view" in literary thought,and completed the transformation from "aesthetic literature" to "mind literature" in literary form.In order to correct the tradition of rushing for words,the "mind view of literature" takes "conscience" as the core and runs through the whole process of the generation of literature.In terms of the generation theory,Wang Yangming believes that literature develops from the heart,which is due to temperament.As far as the expression theory is concerned,it advocates returning to simplicity and pure and abundant.As far as functionalism is concerned,it emphasizes spreading the mind and making people happy.Wang Yangming’s poetry creation in Jiangxi period was the practice of "mind literature view" and carried out the thought of "to conscience".In terms of poetry,political poetry reflects the Confucian pursuit of responsibility and sanctification,landscape poetry reflects the free mood of integration of mind and matter,and philosophical poetry emphasizes the spiritual education function of "conscience".In terms of Prose,the content of a wide range of subjects,involving Jiangxi period military and political,philosophical,lecture,social and other aspects.The genres are diverse,mainly practical texts such as letters and official documents.The number of literary prose creation is relatively small.In fact,the focus of Wang Yangming’s prose creation in Jiangxi period is not on the subject matter and style,but on the use of "conscience".As far as the "system" is concerned,the "conscience" thought is explained relatively logically.As far as "practice" is concerned,it embodies the characteristics of responding to all changes with "conscience" and carrying out the way of "neutralization".Based on the ultimate ideal of "clear the Tao" and the cognition of the finitude of language,Wang Yangming tends to "make an image" in the way of expression,make good use of metaphor,see the big from the small,and be reasonable.Wang Yangming’s poetry creation in Jiangxi period basically conforms to the "mind-learning literature view".In his personal literature creation history,he is in the mature stage of establishing literature view and literary style,and in the Ming Dynasty literature history,he is in the position of connecting the previous and the following,which is the practice and attempt of "mind-learning literature view".The breakthrough of "mind-learning literature" to "Neo-Confucianism literature" mainly lies in two aspects: firstly,the "conscience",which includes morality,mind and body,breaks the binary opposition between spirit and flesh and loosens the bondage of lust to a certain extent.Secondly,it internalizes the principle of heaven into "conscience" to promote the awakening of subject consciousness.However,as a mind scholar,Wang Yangming’s literature as the whole focuses on philosophy,so his literary thought and creation had limited direct influence on Ming Dynastyliterature.Butthe theory of conscience put forward in jiangxi period and the Wang Yangming’s post-scholars,especially the Taizhou School,reinvented the thinking mode of the intellectuals in the middle and late Ming Dynasty,to liberated them from the shackles of Neo-Confucianism.They emphasize the awareness and presentation of the mind,and promote the transition from "rationality" to "spirit" in Ming Dynasty literature.